LOCATION RAYMOND WY
Tentative Series
DPG/DJP/CBR
05/2020
RAYMOND SERIES
The Raymond series consists of shallow, well drained soils that formed in colluvium over residuum weathered from siltstone or sandstone. These soils are on mountain slopes. Slopes are 35 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 550 mm and mean annual air temperature is about 0.8 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, shallow Typic Haplocryepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Raymond gravelly loam in rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 4 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; many very fine, fine, few medium and coarse roots throughout; many fine irregular pores; 25 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 6 cm thick)
Bw1--4 to 18 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; many very fine, fine, few medium and coarse roots throughout; many fine irregular pores; 40 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--18 to 30 cm; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very flaggy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots throughout; common fine irregular pores; 20 percent flagstones and 30 percent channers; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 15 to 30 cm)
C--30 to 48 cm; brown (7.5YR 4/4) extremely flaggy clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common fine irregular pores; 30 percent flagstones and 45 percent channers; 25 percent carbonate concretions on bottom surfaces of rock fragments; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (12 to 26 cm thick)
Cr--48 cm; sandstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Wyoming; USGS Huff Lake topographic quadrangle; latitude 42 degrees 17 minutes 9.13 seconds north, longitude 110 minutes 57 minutes 5.97 seconds west, datum WGS84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature-1.0 to 3.1 degrees C
Depth to cambic horizon--3 to 6 cm
Depth to paralithic contact--25 to 50 cm
Particle-size control section (weighted averages)
Clay content--22 to 35 percent
Total rock fragments--65 to 77 percent
A horizon
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture (less than 2 mm fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam
Clay content--15 to 28 percent
Rock fragments--20 to 55 percent-20 to 35 percent gravel and 15 to 20 percent cobbles
Reaction--pH 6.6 to 7.2
Bw horizon(s)
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 or 5 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma--3 to 6
Texture (less than 2 mm fraction)--clay loam, sandy clay loam, loam
Clay content--20 to 35 percent
Rock fragments--35 to 65 percent-40 to 50 percent gravel, 5 to 15 percent cobbles, 0 to 10 percent stones, 25 to 40 percent channers, and 15 to 25 percent flagstones
Reaction--pH 6.8 to 7.6
C horizon:
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 or 5 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture (less than 2 mm fraction)--clay loam, sandy clay loam
Clay content--22 to 35 percent
Rock fragments--65 to 80 percent-40 to 75 percent gravel, 40 to 75 percent cobbles, 25 to 35 percent stones, 40 to 75 percent channers and 25 to 35 percent flagstones
Reaction--pH 6.8 to 8.0
COMPETING SERIES:
There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform--mountain slopes
Elevation--1,960 to 2,450 meters
Slope--35 to 60 percent
Parent material--colluvium over residuum weathered from siltstone or sandstone
Climate--long, cold winters; cool, moist springs; short, cool summers
Mean annual precipitation--475 to 625 mm
Mean annual air temperature--0 to 2.1 degrees C
Frost-free period--10 to 40 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: None listed.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: well drained, 1.5 to 15.0 um/sec
USE AND VEGETATION: Raymond soils are primarily used for grazing. The potential native vegetation is antelope bitterbrush, bluebunch wheatgrass, spike fescue, Idaho fescue, mountain mahogany, and other grasses and forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Raymond soils are of moderate extent in southwestern Wyoming; MLRA 43B.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES PROPOSED: Lincoln County, WY, 2020. The Raymond series name is derived from a local landmark.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--0 to 4 cm (A horizon)
Cambic horizon--4 to 30 cm (Bw horizons)
Paralithic contact--48 cm (Cr horizon)
Particle-size control section--25 to 48 cm
Raymond soils have a cryic temperature regime and a udic moisture regime.
Taxonomic version: Twelfth Edition, 2014
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.