LOCATION READE MIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Aqualfic Haplorthods
TYPICAL PEDON: Reade silt loam in an area of Shoepac-Reade silt loams on a 4 percent slope in a forested area at an elevation of 1,050 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. When described on November 11, 1994 the soil was moist throughout)
Oa--0 to 4 inches; black (N 2.5/0) well decomposed forest litter; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine to coarse roots; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
E--4 to 7 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) silt loam; light gray (7.5YR 7/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many very fine to coarse roots; about 5 percent cobbles and 1 percent gravel; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)
Bhs--7 to 9 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many very fine to coarse roots; about 5 percent cobbles and 3 percent gravel; very strongly acid; clear broken boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
Bs1--9 to 12 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and few medium roots; about 5 percent cobbles and 7 percent gravel; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Bs2--12 to 15 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; moderate fine and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine and fine roots; common fine vesicular pores; common fine and medium faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron accumulation; about 5 percent cobbles and 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear broken boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
B/E--15 to 20 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam (Bt); few faint dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) clay films in root channels; occupies about 60 percent of the horizon surrounded by peds of reddish brown (5YR 5/3) loamy fine sand, pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) dry (E); moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 5 percent cobbles and 9 percent gravel; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
BC--20 to 28 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) gravelly fine sandy loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common fine and medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 5 percent cobbles and 12 percent gravel; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
2R--28 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dolomitic sandstone; few very fine and fine roots in a mat on top and in upper 6 inches of crevices in the bedrock; many medium and coarse yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation on the surface of the bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Marquette County, Michigan; about 4 miles southwest of McFarland; 85 feet north and 1,013 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 9, T.43N., R.24W.; USGS Helena topographic quadrangle; lat. 46 degrees 7 minutes 47 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 18 minutes 35 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to bedrock ranges from 20 to 40 inches. The bedrock is dominantly dolomitic sandstone, but in some areas it is dolomite or limestone. The solum ranges from extremely acid to slightly alkaline. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 15 percent and the volume of coarse fragments larger than 3 inches range from 0 to 10 percent. About 50 percent of the coarse fragments are flat or angular.
The O horizon has hue 5YR or 7.5YR, or is neutral.
Some pedons have an A horizon. It has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silt loam, very fine sandy loam or fine sandy loam. Reaction is extremely acid to strongly acid.
The E horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2. It is silt loam, very fine sandy loam or fine sandy loam. Reaction is extremely acid to strongly acid.
The Bhs horizon, not in all pedons, has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is silt loam, very fine sandy loam or fine sandy loam. Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
The Bs1 horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4. It is silt loam, very fine sandy loam or fine sandy loam. Reaction is very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The Bs2 horizon is discontinuous and does not occur in some pedons. It has hue of 7.5YR, value of 4, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The B part of the B/E horizon has hue of 5YR, value of 4, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is fine sandy loam. The E part of the B/E horizon has hue of 5YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3. It is loamy fine sand. Reaction ranges from neutral to slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have an E/B horizon overlying the B/E horizon.
The BC horizon, not in all pedons, has hue of 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4. It is fine sandy loam or gravelly fine sandy loam. Reaction ranges from neutral to slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a Cr horizon overlying the limestone, dolomitic sandstone, or dolomite bedrock.
COMPETING SERIES: These the Rocker Series. The Rocker soil lack bedrock at depth of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Reade soils are on ground moraines and fluted ground moraines underlain by dolomitic sandstone, dolomite, or limestone at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Slopes are dominantly 1 to 4 percent but range to 6 percent. Elevations range from 800 to 1,200 feet. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 34 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 38 to 42 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Reade soils are associated with Shoepac, Nahma, Sundell, Charlevoix, and Ensley soils. Shoepac, Nahma, and Sundell soils occur in complexes with Reade. Shoepac soils are moderately well drained with depths greater than 60 inches to bedrock. Nahma soils are poorly drained and Sundell soils are somewhat poorly drained. The somewhat poorly drained Charlevoix and the poorly drained Ensley soils have bedrock at depths greater than 60 inches and are common associates in depressions and drainageways.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. The soil has a seasonal high water table that perches on the bedrock and ranges from 1 to 1.5 feet below the surface. It is more common in the spring after snow melt, but can occur for short periods from October to May. Runoff is slow. Permeability is moderate above the bedrock.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is forestland. Major tree species include sugar maple, yellow birch, paper birch, aspen, and balsam fir. Common ground plants include sweet cicely, downy violet, sedges, twisted stalk, rattlesnake fern, and canadian violet.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The series is of minor extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Marquette County, Michigan, 1994. Source of name is a named location in southern Marquette County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: Albic horizon - 4 to 7 inches (E horizon); Spodic horizon - 7 to 12 inches (Bhs,Bs horizons); Argillic horizon - 15 to 20 inches (B/E horizon); Aqualfic subgroup the soil is saturated with water in one or more layers and has redoximorphic features within 75 cm of the mineral soil surface.Particle size control section is the zone from 14 to 28 inches (Bx,B/E,BC horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to NSSL S96MI-103-008 for laboratory data on typical pedon.