LOCATION RENO NV+CA

Established Series
Rev: WED/ELS/JBF/MPC
06/2017

RENO SERIES

The Reno series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Reno soils are on alluvial fans, fan remnants, and fan collars. Slopes are 0 to 30 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 250 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 11 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Abruptic Xeric Argidurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Reno extremely cobbly sandy loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with 40 percent gravel, 20 percent cobble, and 10 percent stones.

A--0 to 5 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely cobbly sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; common fine interstitial pores; 40 percent gravel, 20 percent cobble, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 10 cm thick)

E--5 to 20 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium platy structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; common medium vesicular pores; many clean sand grains; 25 percent gravel and 5 percent cobble; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 15 cm thick)

Bt1--20 to 40 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure; hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common fine and medium interstitial pores; many prominent clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 10 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.1); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 35 cm thick)

Bt2--40 to 68 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common medium interstitial pores; common, distinct clay films on faces of peds; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobble; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 30 cm thick)

Bk--68 to 93 cm; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very cobbly sandy loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; many fine interstitial pores; common, distinct calcium carbonate concretions on bottoms of rock fragments; 20 percent gravel and 15 percent cobble; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.1); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 50 cm thick)

Bkqm--93 to 112 cm; white (7.5YR 8/1) very strongly cemented duripan, pink (7.5YR 7/4) moist; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm; violently effervescent; abrupt wavy boundary. (13 to 76 cm thick)

2Bk--112 to 152 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loamy sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; single grained; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; common, distinct very pale brown (10YR 8/2) calcium carbonate concretions on bottoms of rock fragments; 40 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4).

TYPE LOCATION: Douglas County, Nevada; about 1200 feet north and 2300 feet east of the southwest corner of section 34, T. 13 N., R. 21 E.; USGS Mount Siegel 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 56 minutes 37 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 36 minutes 54 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.9435056 latitude, -119.6148778 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist in winter and spring, periodic wet: non-satiated in the upper part from February through April, dry the remainder of the year; aridic soil moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 50 to 100 cm.

Particle-size control section - Percent clay: 35 to 60.
Percent rock fragments: 5 to 35 percent.

A and E horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3.
Reaction: Medium acid through neutral.

Bt horizons
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 4 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Texture: Clay, sandy clay, sandy clay loam, or clay loam.
Structure: Prismatic, columnar, or blocky. It is massive in the lower part of some pedons.
Reaction: Slightly acid through moderately alkaline.

Bk horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 through 8 dry, 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry, 4 through 6 moist
Texture: sandy loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or clay
Rock fragments: 15 to 60 percent, mainly gravel
Reaction: slightly alkaline through strongly alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Other features: identifiable secondary carbonates on bottoms of rock fragments

Bkqm, 2Bk horizons
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 3 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 4.
Rock fragments: 0 to 70 percent in the duripan.
Duripan: Very strongly cemented or indurated in the upper part. Strongly cemented in the lower part in some pedons. Indurated laminae are common on many but are not continuous throughout.
Reaction: Slightly through strongly alkaline, slightly to violently effervescent.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bogusrim, Catchell, Chilcott, Lookout, Lovejoy, Novacan, Pigtail and Suncold series.

Bogusrim, Catchell, Lookout and Suncold soils have a lithic contact within 150 cm. Chilcott soils have less than 5 percent rock fragments and more than 30 percent silt in the particle-size control section. Lovejoy soils lack rock fragments in the argillic and have a strongly acid A horizon. Novacan soils lack E horizons and have a strongly cemented duripan in the upper part that is very hard and very firm. Pigtail soils also lack E horizons and have duripans thicker than 76 cm.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Reno soils are on alluvial fans, fan remnants, and fan collars. These soils formed in alluvium, pedisediments and fluvial sediments derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 0 to 30 percent. Elevations are 1,345 to 1,985 meters. The climate is cool; semiarid, mean annual precipitation is 200 to 380 mm, mean annual temperature is 8 to 12 degrees C, and the frost-free season is about 80 to 130 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Chalco, Devada, Indian Creek, and Phing soils. Chalco and Devada soils are shallow to bedrock. Indian Creek soils are less than 50 cm deep to the duripan. Phing soils lack duripans.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; slow or medium runoff; low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland, urban development, and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation is principally low sagebrush, hawksbeard, cheatgrass, bottlebrush squirreltail, and Indian ricegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada and Sierra County, California. These soils are of moderate extent. MLRA 26

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Douglas County (Carson Valley Area), Nevada, 1940.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 20 cm (A and E horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 20 to 68 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
Duripan - The zone from 93 to 112 cm (Bkqm horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 20 to 68 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA:
The pedon was moved 4/2013 to better reflect the series concept.
User Pedon ID: 2013NV005002.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.