LOCATION RIVIERA FL
Established Series
Rev. ELR, AGH, APT; GRB
12/2014
RIVIERA SERIES
The Riviera series consists of very deep, poorly drained, very slowly permeable soils on broad, low flats, flatwoods and in depressions in the Southern Flatwoods (MLRA 155) and the Southern Florida Lowlands (MLRA 156B). They formed in stratified sandy and loamy marine sediments. Near the type location, the mean annual temperature is about 75 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation is about 62 inches. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, siliceous, active, hyperthermic Arenic Glossaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Riviera sand, in an area of rangeland (Colors are for moist soil).
A--0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) sand; weak fine crumb structure; very friable; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (2 to 10 inches thick)
E--6 to 28 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) sand; single grained; loose; moderately acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (13 to 32 inches thick)
Bt/E--28 to 36 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) sandy clay loam (Bt); common coarse distinct very pale brown (10YR 8/2) tongues of sand (E); weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly sticky; sand grains coated and bridged with clay; common coarse faint olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 27 inches thick)
Btg--36 to 42 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly sticky; sand grains coated and bridged with clay; common coarse faint olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) masses if iron accumulation; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 49 inches thick)
2C--42 to 62 inches; gray (N 6/0) sand and shell fragments; single grained; loose; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Palm Beach County, Florida; approximately 1,000 feet east of Blanchette Trail, about 1,700 feet south of Forest Hill Blvd; NW 1/4, SW 1/4, NE 1/4 of Sec. 17, T. 44 S., R. 42 E. Latitude 26 degrees 38 minutes 31.44 seconds N.; Longitude 80 degrees 10 minutes 36.78 minutes W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 35 to 65 inches. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to neutral in the A and E horizon, from very strongly acid to moderately alkaline in the B/E, Btg, and BC horizons, and from slightly acid to moderately alkaline in the 2C horizon.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral with value of 3. Horizons with value of 3.5 or less are less than 6 inches thick. Texture is sand or fine sand.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 8, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is sand or fine sand.
The Bt/E horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral with value 5 or 6. Tongues and interfingers of sand or fine sand from the E horizon extend into it. In some places, small bodies of pyrites are in the horizon. When drained, sulfates are released in these areas and the reaction decreases to extremely acid in localized spots. Texture of the B part is sandy loam, fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam and texture of the E part is sand or fine sand.
The Btg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5BG, value of 3 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or is neutral with value of 3 to 6. Redoximorphic features in shades of brown, yellow, or gray range from few to many. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam.
The BC horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR to 5GY, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral with value of 4 to 7. Texture is loamy sand, sandy loam or fine sandy loam.
The C or 2C horizon has colors similar to the BC horizon. It is a mixture of sand and shell fragments or a mixture of shell fragments and marl. Texture ranges from sand to fine sandy loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These include the
Pineda and
Tequesta series in the same family. The poorly or very poorly drained Pineda soils are on similar to lower positions and have a high chroma Bw horizon. The very poorly drained Tequesta soils are on lower positions and have an histic epipedon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Riviera soils are on broad, low flats, flatwoods and in depressions in the Southern Flatwoods (MLRA 155) and the Southern Florida Lowlands (MLRA 156B). They formed in stratified sandy and loamy marine sediments. The climate is humid semitropical. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. The average annual temperature ranges from 74 to 76 degrees F., and the average annual precipitation ranges from 58 to 65 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the
Boca,
Bradenton,
Chobee,
Hallandale,
Holopaw,
Immokalee,
Malabar,
Manatee,
Myakka,
Oldsmar,
Parkwood,
Pompano, and
Wabasso series. Boca and Hallandale soils are poorly or very poorly drained and are on similar positions. In addition, Boca soils are moderately deep to limestone bedrock and Hallandale soils are shallow to limestone bedrock. Bradenton and Parkwood soils are on similar to lower positions, and have an argillic horizon within depths of 20 inches from the surface. In addition, Parkwood soils have calcareous argillic horizons. The very poorly drained Chobee and Manatee soils are on similar to lower positions and have mollic epipedons. The poorly or very poorly drained Holopaw and Malabar soils are on similar to lower positions but are grossarenic. The poorly or very poorly drained Immokalee, Myakka, Oldsmar, and Wabasso soils are on similar positions but have spodic horizons. The very poorly drained Pompano soils are on similar to lower positions and are sandy throughout.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly and very poorly drained; very slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: When drained, Riviera soils are used for citrus, winter truck crops, and improved pasture. Native vegetation consists of slash pine, cabbage, and sawpalmetto, scattered cypress, maidencane, and pineland threeawn.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Peninsular Florida. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Palm Beach County area, Florida; 1975.
REMARKS: Riviera soils formerly were included in the Felda series. The Genesis of these soils is not clear. Part of the tonguing of the B&A horizon could have formed under marine environment as a result of loading of sands on unconsolidated more clayey sediments.
The water table is within 10 inches of the surface for 2 to 4 months in most years and 10 to 30 inches deep most of the rest of the year. It is below 40 inches for short periods in driest seasons. Some areas are flooded for periods ranging from a few days to about 3 months. Depressions are ponded for periods ranging from 6 to 12 months.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 28 inches (A and E horizons).
Albic horizon - the zone from a depth of 6 inches to a depth of 28 inches (the E horizon).
Argillic horizon - the zone from a depth of 28 inches to a depth of 42 inches (Bt/E and Btg horizons).
Glossic feature - the tongues of sand (E) extending into the argillic horizon (Bt/E horizon).
Riviera soils are in MLRAs 155 and 156B.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.