LOCATION ROOTEL             MT+WY 
Established Series
Rev. JAL
06/1999

ROOTEL SERIES


The Rootel series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in residuum or colluvium weathered from calcareous argillite and limestone bedrock. These soils are on bedrock-floored plains, hills, and mountains. Slopes are 0 to 35 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 12 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 43 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Aridic Calciustepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Rootel channery loam, rangeland (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).

A--0 to 3 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) channery loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak thin platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots and pores; 15 percent channers; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 5 inches thick)

Bk1--3 to 7 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) channery loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common fine roots and pores; 15 percent channers; continuous faint lime casts on underside of channers; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 10 inches thick)

Bk2--7 to 23 inches; white (10YR 8/2) channery loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots and pores; 15 percent channers; continuous faint lime casts on undersides; disseminated lime; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt wavy boundary. (15 to 25 inches thick)

R--23 inches; fractured hard calcareous argillite bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Broadwater County, Montana; 2,400 feet east and 300 feet south of the NW corner of sec. 34, T. 3 N., R. 1 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil temperature - 42 to 47 degrees F.

Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches, dry in all parts between four-tenths and five-tenths of the cumulative days per year when the soil temperature at a depth of 20 inches is higher than 41 degrees F.

Depth to R horizon - 20 to 40 inches.

A horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam or sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 25 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent--0 to 5 percent flagstones, 0 to 20 percent channers
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 7.8

Bk1 or Bw horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4
Texture: loam or silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 35 percent--0 to 5 percent flagstones, 5 to 30 percent channers
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 25 percent
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 8.4

Bk2 horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 7 or 8 dry; 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4
Texture: loam or silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 35 percent--0 to 5 percent flagstones, 5 to 30 percent channers
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 25 to 35 percent
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.0

COMPETING SERIES:

Redrock (CO) - is very deep.

Whitesage (UT) - is very deep.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:

Landform - bedrock-floored plains, hills, and mountains.
Elevation - 3,500 to 5,000 feet.
Slope - 0 to 35 percent.
Parent material - materials weathered from calcareous argillite and limestone bedrock.
Climate - long, cold winters; moist springs; warm summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 10 to 14 inches.
Mean annual temperature - 40 to 45 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 90 to 125 days.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well-drained; moderate permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rootel soils are used primarily as rangeland; some areas are used for dryland crops. Potential native vegetation is mainly bluebunch wheatgrass, western wheatgrass, needleandthread, blue grama, Sandberg bluegrass, and fringed sagewort.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Rootel soils are of moderate extent in western and central Montana.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Broadwater County, Montana, 1971.

REMARKS: Soil interpretations record: MT0508. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: an ochric epipedon when mixed to 7 inches (A, Bk1 horizons); a calcic horizon from 3 to 23 inches (Bk horizons); a lithic contact at 23 inches (R horizon). Rootel soils have a frigid temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime that borders on aridic.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.