LOCATION RUSSETT MDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aquic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Russett sandy loam, on a 3 percent slope, in a wooded area. (Colors are for moist soil.)
A--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) fine sandy loam; weak coarse granular structure; very friable; nonsticky; nonplastic; common fine to coarse roots throughout; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 25 cm thick)
Bt1--10 to 18 cm (4 to 7 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; nonsticky; slightly plastic; few coarse and very coarse roots throughout; few very coarse and extremely coarse prominent reddish black (2.5YR 2.5/1) hard platy iron cemented nodules throughout; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--18 to 33 cm (7 to 13 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; nonsticky; nonplastic; few fine and medium roots throughout; few fine tubular pores throughout; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; common medium and coarse distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) rounded iron depletions between peds; few very coarse and extremely coarse prominent reddish black (2.5YR 2.5/1) hard platy iron cemented nodules throughout; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--33 to 48 cm (13 to 19 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; friable; nonsticky; moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots throughout; few fine tubular pores throughout; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; common prominent black (N 2.5/0) manganese coatings on faces of peds; few very coarse and extremely coarse prominent reddish black (2.5YR 2.5/1) hard platy iron cemented nodules throughout; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt4--48 to 66 cm (19 to 26 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; weak and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; nonsticky; moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots throughout; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; common prominent black (N 2.5/0) manganese coatings on faces of peds; common very coarse and extremely coarse prominent red (2.5YR 5/8) irregular iron masses throughout; 1 percent rounded mixed gravel; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt5--66 to 117 cm (26 to 46 inches); 40 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), 30 percent red (2.5YR 5/8), 20 percent light gray (5Y 7/1), and 10 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam and silty clay loam; silty clay loam (50 percent of horizon) has strong coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky and sandy clay loam (50 percent of horizon) has weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; nonsticky; slightly plastic; few fine roots throughout; few prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 51 to 127 cm)
Btg/BCg--117 to 145 cm (46 to 57 inches); 60 percent light gray (10YR 7/1) clay loam (Btg part) and 40 percent sandy loam (BCg part); weak medium angular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots throughout; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions throughout; common coarse and very coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and common medium and coarse distinct yellow (10YR 7/8) irregular iron masses throughout; few prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay films on faces of ped (Btg part); extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
Cg--145 to 196 cm (57 to 77 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; massive; friable; few fine and medium roots throughout; many distinct coarse and very coarse yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) irregular iron masses; common medium and coarse faint light gray (10YR 7/2) irregular clay depletions throughout; extremely acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Anne Arundel County, Maryland; Fort Meade, Northwest of Meade Heights Elementary School, 1,100 feet west-northwest of parking lot entrance from Reece Road, 1,200 feet northeast of intersection of Reece Road and Maryland Route 175, in a wooded area; USGS Odenton NW topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees, 06 minutes, 58.4 seconds N and long. 76 degrees, 42 minutes, 56.9 seconds W, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic Horizon: 5 to 66 cm (2 to 26 inches)
Depth to the base of the Argillic Horizon: 66 to 183 cm or more (26 to 72 inches or more)
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 183 cm (72 inches)
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Coarse Fragments: 0 to 15 percent, by volume angular ironstone channers and rounded quartz and mixed gravels, mostly in the B and C horizons
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid throughout the profile, unless limed
Thickness of Argillic Horizon: 28 to 135 cm (11 to 53 inches)
Other Features: Thickness of the loamy epipedon ranges from 8 to 66 cm (3 to 26 inches)
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, chroma of 1 to 4
Texture--fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or loamy sand
E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 3 to 6
Texture--loam, sandy loam or loamy sand
BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 6
Texture--loam, sandy loam, loamy sand
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam or silty clay loam
Redoximorphic features: iron masses in shades of red, brown or yellow and iron depletions in shade of gray or olive
Btg horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 6 or 7, chroma of 1 or 2
Texture--sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam or silty clay loam
Redoximorphic features: iron masses in shades of red, brown or yellow and iron depletions in shade of gray or olive
BC horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture--sandy clay loam, clay loam or silty clay loam with lenses of loamy sand or sandy loam
Redoximorphic features: iron masses in shades of red, brown or yellow and iron depletions in shade of gray or olive
BCg horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture--loamy sand, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam or silty clay
Redoximorphic features: iron masses in shades of red, brown or yellow and iron depletions in shade of gray or olive
C horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture--stratified sand to clay, many pedons contain sandy textured lenses of varying thickness within sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay strata
Redoximorphic features: iron masses in shades of red, brown or yellow and iron depletions in shade of gray or olive
Cg horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 8, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture--stratified sand to clay, many pedons contain sandy textured lenses of varying thickness within sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay strata
Redoximorphic features: iron masses in shades of red, brown or yellow and iron depletions in shade of gray or olive
COMPETING SERIES:
Adelphia soils--contain 10 to 20 percent glauconite in the particle-size control section; on similar landforms
Bigpool soils--formed in alluvium derived from sedimentary rocks; on floodplains
Blairton soils--formed in residual materials weathered from gray shale; on upland flats, depressions, and drainage heads
Cotaco soils--formed in loamy sediments of acid sandstone, siltstone and shale; on foot slopes, colluvial fans, and low stream terraces
Delanco soils--formed in alluvium washed from areas of micaceous crystalline rocks; on stream terraces, in the heads of drainageways and on nearly level concave colluvial areas
Dillard soils--formed in loamy alluvium; on narrow stream terraces and toe slopes
Fenwick soils--formed in material weathered from acid sandstone or interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and shale; on broad mountain ridges and benches
Holmdel soils--contain 2 to 20 percent glauconite in the particle-size control section and have a seasonal high water table at 30 to 46 cm (12 to 18 inches) below the surface; on lower-lying landforms
Manokin soils--have more than 30 percent silt or 45 percent silt plus very fine sand in the particle-size
Trackler soils--formed in loamy colluvium and residuum from fine-grained igneous rocks, predominantly rhyolite; on mountain ridges, knobs and benches
Tuscarawas soils--formed in channery colluvium and in residuum weathered from clayey acid shale; on footslopes downslope from steeper soils formed in sandstone or siltstone on dissected unglaciated uplands
Wharton soils--formed in residuum from interbedded clay shale, siltstone, and fine-grained sandstone; on uplands
Whiteside soils--formed in alluvium, colluvium, or residuum of various types of rock
Woodstown soils--have moderate permeability; on similar landforms
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Northern Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain
Landform: Complex linear to concave uplands and side slopes
Parent Material: Loamy and sandy sediments underlain by clayey marine sediments containing lenses of loamy and sandy material
Mean Annual Temperature: 10 to 14 degrees C. (50 to 57 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1016 to 1168 mm (40 to 46 inches)
Frost Free Period: 170 to 210 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Alloway soils--do not have sandy lenses or a 20 percent decrease in clay content from the maximum within 150 cm of the surface, on similar landscape positions
Christiana soils--have a fine particle-size class and a seasonal high water table at a depth below 183 cm (72 inches); on similar landscape positions
Downer soils--have a coarse-loamy particle-size class and a seasonal high water table at a depth below 183 cm (72 inches); well drained
Elkton soils--have a fine-silty particle-size control section and a seasonal high water table above 1 foot; on lower-lying landforms
Evesboro soils--have a sandy particle-size control section and a seasonal high water table below a depth of 183 cm (72 inches); on adjacent ridges
Patapsco soils--thicker sandy epipedon and a seasonal high water table at 102 to 183 cm (40 to 72 inches); on similar landforms
Fallsington soils--have a seasonal high water less than 30 cm (12 inches); on lower-lying landforms
Ingleside soils--have a coarse-loamy particle-size class and a seasonal high water table at 107 to 152 cm (42 to 60 inches); on similar landforms
Muirkirk soils--have a fine particle-size class and a seasonal high water table below a depth of 183 cm (72 inches); on higher landforms
Sassafras soils--have a seasonal high water at a depth below 183 cm (72 inches); on slightly higher landforms
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Moderately well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence Class: Moderately deep (51 to 102 cm) and common (present 3 to 6 months per year)
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Low
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high to moderately low
Permeability Class (obsolete): Moderately slow to slow
Shrink-swell Potential: Low
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Wooded, urban and suburban development
Dominant Vegetation: Where wooded--mixed oaks and Virginia pine, with American holly, and blueberry, poison ivy, multiflora rose, and Virginia creeper in the understory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Maryland, and possibly the District of Columbia, Delaware and New Jersey
Extent: Small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Anne Arundel County, Maryland, 2003
REMARKS: This soil was formerly included in the miscellaneous mapping unit of Loamy and Clayey land.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 10 cm Argillic horizon--the zone from 10 to 145 cm
Aquic feature--iron masses and of iron depletions within the upper 60 cm of the argillic horizon
ADDITIONAL DATA: Data is available from the Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln NE, pedon S99MD-003-002.
Data Map Unit ID: To be developed
REVISED: 03/2004-SLD-EHE-DRPV-JAK; 02/2006-DHK; 12/2007-JWB
The 12/2007 revision adds fine sandy loam texture to the A and Bt horizon ranges, adds saturated hydraulic conductivity class, updates the format, and introduces metric units.