LOCATION RADER TX
Established Series
Rev. GLL-JAW-RM
02/2018
RADER SERIES
The Rader series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in slightly acid to alkaline clayey and loamy alluvium derived from sandstone and shale. These soils are on nearly level to gently sloping stream terraces and terrace remnants on inland dissected coastal plains. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1041 mm (41 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 18.3 degrees C (65 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aquic Paleustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Rader fine sandy loam--wooded pasture. (Colors are dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in); brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; few pores; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 30 cm [4 to 12 in] thick)
E1--15 to 48 cm (6 to 19 in); light gray (10YR 7/2) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; few pores; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 38 cm [6 to 15 in] thick)
E2--48 to 64 cm (19 to 25 in); very pale brown (10YR 7/3) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak medium angular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, sticky and slightly plastic; few roots; few pores; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 25 cm [0 to 10 in] thick)
Bt/E--64 to 81 cm (25 to 32 in); discrete masses of light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; the majority of which are coated with light gray (10YR 7/1) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; (Bt part) common pockets of friable, structureless, light gray (10YR 7/1) fine sandy loam (E part); common fine faint and distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and dark red (2.5YR 3/6) masses of iron accumulation; and few faint grayish brown (10YR5/2) iron depletions in ped interiors; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 46 cm [4 to 18 in] thick)
Bt1--81 to 99 cm (32 to 39 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy clay, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few prism faces in upper part coated with light gray (10YR 7/1) fine sandy loam; few roots on prism faces; common clay films; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 30 cm [6 to 12 in] thick)
Bt2--99 to 132 cm (39 to 52 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few roots on prism faces; common clay films; few pressure faces 3 to 8 cm (1 to 3 in) across; few black concretions; common fine and medium distinct of strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (30 to 61 cm [12 to 24 in] thick)
Btz--132 to 179 (52 to 67 in); distinctly mottled yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), and light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay loam; coatings of gray (10YR 6/1) and pale olive (5Y 6/3) on ped faces; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few roots on prism faces; common clay films; common black stains along root channels; few threads and films of neutral salts; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (25 to 51 cm [10 to 20 in] thick)
BCz--179 to 203 cm (67 to 80 in); distinctly mottled light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6), and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; coatings of grayish brown (10YR 5/2) on ped faces; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few roots along prism faces; few black concretions; few threads and films of neutral salts; common black stains along roots channels; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Kaufman County, Texas; From the intersection of Texas Highway 34 and Farm Road 2728; 3.15 miles north; then 0.3 mile west on county road 279A; then 2.65 miles southwest on county road 279; 0.25 mile south on private road; then 100 ft west of private road. USGS Coupland topographic quadrangle; Latitude: 32 degrees, 38 minutes, 21.911 seconds N; Longitude: 96 degrees 18 minutes, 6.612 seconds W. Datum: WGS84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil depth: very deep, 152 to over 203 cm (60 to over 80 in).
Soil moisture: An ustic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 90 bu less than 150 cumulative days in normal years.
Depth of abrupt texture change: 76 to 137 cm (30 to 54 in)
Depth of albic horizon: 13 to 81cm (5 to 32 in)
Depth to argillic: 76 to 137 cm (30 to 54 in)
Depth of salt accumulations: 132 cm (52 in) (where present)
Depth to Redox concentration: 0 to 68 cm (0 to 27 in)
Depth to Iron-manganese concretions: 0 to 134 cm (0 to 53 in)
Depth to episaturation: 33 to 64 cm (13 to 25 in)
Thickness of ochric epipedon: 43 to 81cm (16.9 to 31.9in)
Particle-size control sections (weighted average)
Clay content: 28 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 6 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4.
Textures: loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam or loam (Pedons with textures of loamy fine sand are less than 51 cm [20 in] thick.)
Redox concentrations: 0 to 10 percent, fine to medium, distinct to prominent
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent, 2 to 75 mm, quartzite
Reaction: very strongly to slightly acid
E horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 6 to 8
Chroma: 2 to 4
Textures: loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam or sandy clay loam (Pedons with textures of loamy fine sand are less than 51 cm [20 in] thick.)
Redox concentrations: 0 to 1 percent, fine to medium, faint to distinct
Rock fragments: 0 to 4 percent, 2 to 75 mm, quartzite
Reaction: very strongly to slightly acid
Bt/E horizon: (70 to 85 percent Bt materials)
Bt portion:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: sandy clay, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam
Redox concentrations: 0 to 10 percent, fine to medium, faint to prominent
Rock fragments: 0 to 6 percent, 2 to 75mm, quartzite
E portion: (Uncoated sand and silt):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 6 to 8
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Skeletans: location-on all faces of peds, distinctness-faint to distinct
Redox concentrations: 0 to 10 percent, fine to medium, faint to prominent
Rock fragments: 0 to 6 percent, 2 to 75mm, quartzite
Bt1 and Bt2 horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 4, or 8
Redox concentrations: 0 to 20 percent, fine to coarse, distinct to prominent
Slickensides/Pressure faces: 0 to 15 percent, 3 to 8 cm (1 to 3 in) across
Texture: sandy clay loam, sandy clay, clay or clay loam
Clay content of 35 to 50 percent.
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid
Bt3, BC, Btz, BCz, BCk, or BCt horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value: 6 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 2 or 8
Texture: sandy clay loam, sandy clay, clay loam, or clay
Identifiable secondary carbonates, when present: amount- 0 to 1 percent, kind-concentrations, or masses
Salt accumulations, when present: amount 0 to 1 percent
Redox concentrations: 0 to 20 percent, fine to coarse, distinct to prominent
Slickensides/Pressure faces: 0 to 5 percent, 3 to 8 cm (1 to 3 in) across
Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR): 0 to 2
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
COMPETING SERIES: There are no series in the same family. Similar series are the
Chaney,
Demona,
Nimrod,
Raino,
Rodessa,
Rutersville,
Selden, and
Tabor.
All of the other series, except
Raino and
Rodessa: do not have Bt horizons that exhibit evidence of degradation in the upper part. In addition,
Chaney,
Demona, and
Tabor soils, as well as Rodessa soils contain more than 35 percent clay in the control section.
Nimrod soils have arenic epipedons, and
Selden soils have siliceous mineralogy.
Raino soils: have contrasting textures in the control section and contain tongues of E material in the B2 horizon.
Rutersville soils: have weathered bedrock between 102 and 152 cm (40 and 60 in).
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: slightly acid to alkaline clay and loamy alluvium derived from sandstone and shale
Landscape: inland dissected coastal plains
Landform: convex convex treads on stream terraces, normally occupy mounds 30 to 200 feet in diameter and 0.3 to 0.9 m (1 to 3 ft) above the intermound areas
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 813 to 1143 mm (32 to 45 in)
Mean annual air temperature: 16.7 to 20.6 degrees C (62 to 69 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 230 to 273 days
Elevation: 39.3 to 213 m (128.9 to 700 ft)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 52 to 66
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Axtell,
Crockett,
Derly,
Robco and
Lufkin series
Axtell soils: occur on similar positions, but have a fine-textured control section and smectitic mineralogy
Crockett soils: occur on broad ridges and have a fine-textured control section and smectitic mineralogy
Derly soils: occur similar positions, but have a fine-textured control section and smectitic mineralogy
Lufkin soils: occur on slightly higher positions and have a fine-textured control section and smectitic mineralogy
Robco soils: occur on slightly higher positions in drains and is less drained
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is low on slopes less than 1 percent, and medium on 1 to 3 percent slopes. These soils have a perched water table above the Bt horizon during periods of prolonged rainfall from December to May.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for pasture. Bermudagrass, Pensacola bahiagrass, and dallisgrass are the dominant tame pasture plants. Post oak, blackjack oak, hickory, and elm are the dominant trees. Some areas are farmed to cotton and grain sorghum.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and South-central Texas; Land Resource Region J - Southwestern Prairies Cotton and Forage Region; MLRA 87A - Texas Claypan Areas, Southern Part. The soil is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kaufman County, Texas; 1973.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Tabor series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 64 to 114 cm (25 to 45 in)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 64 cm (0 to 25 in) (A, E1 and E2 horizons)
Albic Horizon: 15 to 64cm (6 to 25 in) (E1, and E2 horizons)
Argillic horizon: 64 to 170 cm (25 to 67 in) (Bt/E, Bt1, Bt2 and Btz horizons)
Abrupt Textural Change: 64 cm (Bt/E horizons)
Redox concentrations with chroma of 2 or less: Iron depletions due to wetness at 64 cm (25 in) and below. Bt/E, Bt1, Bt2, Btz, and BCz horizons)
Redox concentrations: 64 to 132 cm (25 to 52 in) (Bt/E, Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Salt accumulations: 132 to 203cm (52 to 80 in) (Btz and and BCz horizons)
Episaturation: The zone of saturation at 64 to 81 cm (25 to 32 in) (Bt/E horizon)
Aquic conditions: 64 to 81 cm (25 to 32 in) (Bt/E horizon)
Other features: Pale Features - clay content does not decrease by as much as 20 percent of the maximum within 152 cm (60 in) of the surface, and there are mottles which qualify as common and coarse with chroma more than 5 in the lower part of the argillic horizon
Degraded upper Bt: interfingers of E materials penetrating Bt.
Additional Comments: Semiactive cation exchange activity class
ADDITIONAL DATA: None
Soil Interpretation Record No.: TX0663
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.