LOCATION SATSUMA LA
Established Series
Rev. JD
02/2013
SATSUMA SERIES
The Satsuma series consists of somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in mixed loess and loamy stream terrace deposits of Late Pleistocene Age. Permeability is moderate in the upper part of the subsoil and slow in the lower part of the subsoil. Slopes range from 1 to 3 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, siliceous, active, thermic Glossaquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Satsuma silt loam - on a 1.5 percent slope in pasture at an elevation of 65 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 4 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak
fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots, very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
EB--4 to 12 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam;
weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; many black and brown concretions; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)
Bt/E--12 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam (Bt) and light gray (10YR 7/2) silt loam (E); common medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) mottles; weak fine and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable (E) and firm (B); common fine and medium roots; many fine pores; interfingers of silt loam E material between peds make up about 15 percent of horizon; distinct discontinuous clay films on vertical faces of peds; many fine black and brown concretions; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 14 inches thick)
Btn1--18 to 28 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) silty clay loam; common medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure, firm; few fine roots; distinct discontinuous clay films on the vertical faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 15 inches thick)
2Btn2--28 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, firm and brittle bodies make up about 15 percent of the volume; few fine roots; many fine pores; distinct discontinuous clay films on the vertical faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 17 inches thick)
2Btnx--35 to 50 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) loam; common
medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; firm and brittle bodies comprise about 35 percent of the volume; many fine pores; thin patchy clay films on faces of peds and in pores; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 22 inches)
2BCn--50 to 65 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) loam, many medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) mottles; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Livingston Parish, Louisiana; about 1.75 miles southeast of Watson, 0.25 miles north of LA Hwy. 1024, 0.63 miles east of Moler Bayou, sec. 32, T. 5 S., R. 3 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 30 to 70 inches. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to medium acid, throughout the solum, except the A horizon in areas that have been limed.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 1 to 3. Where the color value is 3, the A horizon is less than 6 inches thick.
The E horizon, where present, and the E part of the Bt/E horizon, have hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 7 and chroma of 2 or 3.
The EB or BE horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6 and chroma of 4 to 8. Mottles, in shades of brown or gray, range from few to many.
The Bt part of the Bt/E horizon and the Btn1 horizon have hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. They are mottled in shades of brown, gray or red. Mottles with chroma of 2 or less range from few to many. Texture is silty clay loam or silty clay.
The 2Bt, 2Btn, 2Btnx, and 2BCn horizons have the same range in colors as the Btn1 horizon. Texture is silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, or loam. Firm and brittle bodies make up 10 to 40 percent of the horizontal cross section of the 2Btnx horizon.
Where present, the 2C horizon has the same range in colors as the 2Btn, 2Btnx, and 2BCn horizons. Texture is loam or sandy loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Longview and
Vick series in the same family, and the
Abita,
Bude,
Coteau,
Fluker,
Frizzell,
Olivier, and
Providence soils. Abita, Coteau, and Longview soils do not have 2Bt or 2Btnx horizons. Bude, Fluker, Olivier and Providence soils have fragipans. Frizzell soils have coarse-silty particle size control sections. Vick soils have clayey textures in the upper part of the 2Bt horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Satsuma soils are on nearly level to gently sloping convex stream divides and side slopes along streams. Slopes range from 1 to 3 percent. They formed in mixed loess and loamy stream terrace deposits of Late Pleistocene Age. Near the type location, the mean annual temperature is 67 degrees, and the mean annual precipitation is 64 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Olivier soils and the
Cahaba,
Deerford,
Dexter,
Gilbert,
Brimstone, and
Verdun soils. The well drained Cahaba and Dexter soils are on higher convex ridges. The somewhat poorly drained Deerford and Verdun soils are on nearly level flats and have natric horizons. The poorly drained Gilbert and Brimstone soils are on flat depressional areas and are gray throughout. Also Brimstone soils have natric horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is medium. The permeability is moderate in the upper part of the subsoil and slow in the lower subsoil. The subsoil has a perched water table at a depth of 1.0 to 2.5 feet during the months of December through April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the Satsuma soils are in pasture, pine woodland, or homesites. A few areas are cultivated.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Louisiana. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AUBURN, ALABAMA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Livingston Parish, Louisiana; 1987.
REMARKS: Laboratory data on the typifying pedon were obtained from the laboratory of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, sample S86LA63-40.
DIAGNOSTIC HORIZONS: Ochric Epipedon 0 to 12 inches. Interfingers of Albic Material 12 to 18 inches.
Argillic Horizon 12 to 50 inches.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.