LOCATION SCHUMACHER WA+ID
Established Series
Rev. NCD/HRG/RJE
06/2016
SCHUMACHER SERIES
Landscape--hills, mountains
Landform--hillslopes, mountain slopes, buttes
Slope--0 to 65 percent
Parent material--loess and residuum derived from quartzite, sandstone, or intrusive igneous rock
Mean annual precipitation--about 535 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 8 degrees C
Depth class--deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Ultic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Schumacher silt loam, cultivated
Ap--0 to 15 cm; silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary
A--15 to 30 cm; silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many roots; many fine pores; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual wavy boundary
AB--30 to 48 cm; silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; many fine pores; 5 percent quartzite gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt wavy boundary
Bt1--48 to 79 cm; silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few roots; few medium pores; thick continuous clay films on peds; 15 percent quartzite gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary
Bt2--79 to 94 cm; silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; strong fine and medium blocky structure; very hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few fine roots; few medium pores; thick continuous clay films on peds; 10 percent quartzite gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary
Bt3--94 to 109 cm; silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; very few fine roots; many very fine pores; thin continuous clay films on peds; 12 percent quartzite gravel; neutral (pH 6.6)
R--109 cm; metasediment
TYPE LOCATION: Whitman County, Washington; about 460 m south and 550 m east of the northwest corner of section 19, T. 19 N., R. 44 E.; latitude 47.1337500, longitude -117.3151540, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from PLSS details)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--8 to 11 degrees C
Depth to lithic contact--100 to 150 cm
Moisture control section--usually moist, but dry 45 to 60 consecutive days following summer solstice
Content of clay in particle-size control section--25 to 35 percent
Content of rock fragments in particle-size control section--5 to 30 percent
Thickness of mollic epipedon--25 to 50 cm
Features of peds and void surfaces (Bt horizon)--thin to thick, continuous clay films; graying or striping on some peds; few relict manganese shot or coatings on some peds
Ap and A horizons
Value--4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--1 or 2 moist or dry
Content of clay--10 to 25 percent
Content of gravel--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--6.6 to 7.8
Thickness of Ap horizon--15 to 25 cm
Thickness of A horizon--0 to 25 cm
AB horizon, or BA horizon (where present)
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--2 or 3 moist or dry
Content of clay--13 to 25 percent
Texture--silt loam, loam
Content of gravel--0 to 25 percent
Content of cobbles--0 to 15 percent
Total content of rock fragments--0 to 30 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.8
Thickness of AB horizon--0 to 30 cm
Bt1 and Bt2 horizons
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR
Value--4 to 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--3 or 4 moist or dry
Content of clay--18 to 35 percent
Texture--silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, loam
Content of gravel--0 to 30 percent
Content of cobbles--0 to 15 percent
Total content of rock fragments--0 to 30 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.8
Combined thickness of Bt1 and Bt2 horizons--35 to 50 cm
Bt3 horizon
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR
Value--4 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma--3 or 4 moist or dry
Content of clay--15 to 35 percent
Texture--silty clay loam, loam, clay loam, silt loam
Content of gravel--10 to 35 percent
Content of cobbles--0 to 25 percent
Total content of rock fragments--10 to 45 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.8
COMPETING SERIES:
Annum--deep to paralithic contact; buried Bt horizon; 2Bk or 2BC horizon that is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Brownlee,
Felton--deep to paralithic contact
Chirpchatter,
Ebadlow,
Fisherhill,
Hellake,
Mendian (T),
Meystre,
Quiden,
Rehfield,
Stardust,
Van Horn--very deep
Goldendale--Bt horizon that extends to a depth of 150 cm or more; less than 25 percent medium sand or coarser material in particle-size control section
Lompico,
Lorena,
Meland,
Robbscreek,
Stacker--50 to 100 cm deep
Updegraff--dry more than 60 consecutive days; O horizon; no silty clay loam in subsoil
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--670 to 1225 m
Mean annual precipitation--455 to 710 mm
Mean January air temperature--about -3 degrees C
Mean July air temperature--about 19 degrees C
Mean annual air temperature--about 8 degrees C
Frost-free period--100 to 140 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Garfield--ochric epipedon; fine
Larkin,
Naff,
Palouse,
Thatuna--fine-silty
Speigle--loamy-skeletal; cambic horizon
Tekoa--50 to 100 cm deep to bedrock
Tilma--fine
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--production of small grain, peas, alfalfa, and grass in cultivated areas
Native vegetation--Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, common snowberry, arrowleaf balsamroot, prairie junegrass, scattered ponderosa pine
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Washington and northern Idaho; MLRA 9; moderate extent
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Whitman County, Washington; 1942
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from surface to a depth of 48 cm
*Argillic horizon--zone from 48 to 109 cm
*Depth to lithic contact--109 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 48 to 99 cm
6/2016--This official series description (OSD) was updated as part of the final correlation of the Spokane County, Washington, soil survey. The formatting was updated according to SSR1 Technical Note 11--Content and Format of Official Series Descriptions (revised 12/2015).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.