LOCATION SEBEWA MI+IN WI

Established Series
Rev. WEB-WEF-RAB
11/2021

SEBEWA SERIES

The Sebewa series consists of very deep, poorly drained or very poorly drained soils formed in loamy outwash and the underlying gravelly and sandy outwash on outwash plains, valley trains, and stream terraces on terrace landscapes. They are moderately deep to the gravelly and sandy outwash. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 838 mm (33 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 9.4 degrees C (49 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Sebewa loam, on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 261 meters (855 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 28 cm (11 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [20 to 38 cm (8 to 15 inches) thick]

Bg--28 to 36 cm (11 to 14 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam; moderate medium granular structure; friable; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) root channel fillings; few fine faint gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 15 cm (6 inches) thick]

Btg1--36 to 48 cm (14 to 19 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; few fine roots; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few medium prominent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Btg2--48 to 79 cm (19 to 31 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and few fine prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.

Btg3--79 to 91 cm (31 to 36 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) gravelly clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; very few faint gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 15 percent gravel; slightly alkaline; abrupt irregular boundary. [Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is 20 to 74 cm (8 to 29 inches).]

2Cg--91 to 203 cm (36 to 80 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) gravelly sand; single grain; loose; about 15 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Eaton County, Michigan; about 3 miles east of Charlotte; 100 feet south and 700 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 9, T. 2 N., R. 5 W.; USGS Chester topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 34 minutes 56.56 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 53 minutes 51.48 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 672150 easting and 4731393 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 46 to 91 cm (18 to 36 inches)

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture; loam, mucky loam, fine sandy loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Some pedons do not have a Bg horizon.

Btg horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, clay loam, or gravelly clay loam
Rock fragment content: 3 to 25 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

2Cg or 2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: gravelly sand, very gravelly sand, loamy sand, sand, stratified sand and gravel, gravelly coarse sand, very gravelly coarse sand, or coarse sand
Rock fragment content: 10 to 60 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay lacustrine material is below 102 cm (40 inches) in some pedons.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family. Mussey series is in a similar family. Mussey soils have a semiactive cation exchange activity class and are less than 51 cm (20 inches) to the base of the argillic horizon.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sebewa soils are on outwash plains, valley trains, and stream terraces on terrace landscapes. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Sebewa soils formed in loamy outwash and the underlying gravelly and sandy outwash. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 762 to 1067 mm (30 to 42 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 8.3 to 11.1 degrees C (47 to 52 degrees F). Frost-free period is 130 to 180 days. Elevation is 177 to 466 meters (580 to 1,530 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Boyer, Brady, Fox, Ionia, Kane, Matherton, and Oshtemo soils. The well drained Fox, the moderately well drained Ionia, and the somewhat poorly drained Matherton soils are in a drainage sequence with Sebewa soils in forested areas. The somewhat poorly drained Kane soils are also in a drainage sequence with Sebewa soils in areas of grassland. The well drained Boyer and Oshtemo soils and the somewhat poorly drained Brady soils are associated coarser-textured soils on outwash plains.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained or very poorly drained. Depth to a seasonal high water table ranges from 30 cm (1 foot) above the surface to 30 cm (1 foot) below the surface from September to May in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is negligible. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the loamy materials and high or very high in the underlying gravelly and sandy materials. Permeability is moderate in the loamy materials and rapid or very rapid in the underlying gravelly and sandy materials.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated. Corn, small grains, beans, and hay are the principal crops. A small part is in permanent pasture or woodland. Native vegetation is hardwood forest of American elm, white ash, red maple, swamp white oak, and hickory.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 95A, 95B, 97, 98, 110, 111B, and 111C in southern Michigan, southeastern Wisconsin, and northern Indiana. The type location is in MLRA 98. The series is of large extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lenawee County, Michigan, l957.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 28 cm (11 inches) (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon from a depth of 36 to 91 cm (14 to 36 inches) (Btg1, Btg2 and Btg3 horizons).
Aquic conditions: redoximorphic features immediately below the mollic epipedon and in all underlying horizons.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.