LOCATION SINGH WA
Established Series
Rev. AFW/KDPL/TDT
09/2019
SINGH SERIES
Landscape--mountains
Landform--mountain slopes
Slope--0 to 60 percent
Parent material--volcanic ash over loamy colluvium derived from basalt or andesite
Mean annual precipitation--about 1000 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 7 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over loamy-skeletal, mixed over isotic, frigid Alfic Vitrixerands
TYPICAL PEDON: Singh ashy sandy loam in an area of forestland, on a 14-percent, north-facing slope at an elevation of 1275 m (All textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi--0 to 3 cm; slightly decomposed forest litter and a small amount of 1980 Mount St. Helens volcanic ash; abrupt smooth boundary
A--3 to 10 cm; ashy sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine and medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; NaF pH 10.1; slightly acid (pH 6.1); gradual smooth boundary
Bw1--10 to 33 cm; ashy fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; NaF pH 10.1; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual smooth boundary
Bw2--33 to 58 cm; gravelly ashy fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and fine irregular pores; 25 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; NaF pH 9.6; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary
2Bt1--58 to 91 cm; very gravelly loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films lining pores and on ped faces; 25 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual smooth boundary
2Bt2--91 to 119 cm; very gravelly loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; common fine irregular pores and few fine tubular pores; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films lining pores and on faces of peds; 25 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual smooth boundary
2BC--119 to 155 cm; extremely gravelly loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; 35 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, and 15 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8)
TYPE LOCATION: Yakima County, Washington, about 7 km southwest of the Nile community; about 45 m south and 580 m west of the northeast corner of section 36, T. 15 N., R. 14 E.; latitude 46 degrees, 45 minutes, 14 seconds north and longitude 121 degrees, 1 minute, 11 seconds west; NAD 27
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 50 cm--7 to 8 degrees C
Moisture control section--usually moist, but dry in all parts 45 to 60 consecutive days following summer solstice
Rock fragment content--5 to 25 percent in upper part of particle-size control section, 35 to 60 percent in lower part
Clay content--5 to 25 percent in upper part of particle-size control section, 25 to 35 percent in lower part
Andic soil properties
*Thickness--36 to 65 cm
*Moist bulk density--0.75 to 0.90 g/cm3
*Glass content--5 to 30 percent
*Acid oxalate aluminum plus one-half iron--2 to 4 percent
*Phosphorus retention--25 to 40 percent
*15-bar water retention (air-dried samples)--8 to 12 percent
Oi horizon
Thickness--1 to 5 cm
A horizon
Value--5 or 6 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma--2 to 4 dry or moist
Clay content--5 to 20 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5
Thickness--5 to 13 cm
Bw horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Value--6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma--4 to 6 dry or moist
Texture--ashy fine sandy loam, gravelly ashy fine sandy loam
Clay content--10 to 20 percent
Rock fragment content--5 to 25 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5
Combined thickness--36 to 64 cm
2Bt horizon
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR
Value--4 or 5 moist
Chroma--3 to 6 dry or moist
Texture--very gravelly loam, very cobbly loam, very gravelly clay loam
Apparent clay content (field estimate)--25 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content--35 to 60 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 7.3
Combined thickness--50 to 76 cm
BC horizon (where present)
Average rock fragment content--40 to 75 percent
Texture--very gravelly loam, extremely gravelly loam, extremely cobbly loam
Reaction--5.6 to 7.3
COMPETING SERIES: None
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--550 to 1475 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation--760 to 1300 mm
Mean January air temperature--about -3 degrees C
Mean July air temperature--about 18 degrees C
Mean annual air temperature--about 6 to 7 degrees C
Frost-free period--70 to 125 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Bograp--on mountain side slopes; fine-loamy particle-size class
Bearrun--on mountain side slopes; fine particle-size class
McDanielake--on ridges and mountain side slopes; loamy-skeletal particle-size class
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high in volcanic ash layer, moderately high below
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--mainly timber production, wildlife habitat, and recreation
Native vegetation--grand fir, Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, western larch, pinegrass, Cascade Oregon grape, elk sedge, vanillaleaf, prince's pine, pinemat manzanita
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Yakima County, Washington; MLRA 6; small extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wenatchee National Forest, Naches Area; Yakima County, Washington; 2003
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Ochric epipedon
*Andic soil properties--zone from 3 to 58 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 10 to 58 cm
*Argillic horizon--zone from 58 to 119 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 3 to 103 cm
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.