LOCATION SIREN WI+MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: fine-loamy over clayey, mixed over smectitic, superactive, frigid Aquic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Siren silt loam on a west facing slope of 2 percent in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 945 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate coarse granular structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; few fine tubular pores; about 1 percent gravel; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
E--8 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; weak medium platy structure parting to weak very fine subangular blocky; friable; common fine and very fine roots; common fine tubular pores; many fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
E/B--12 to 18 inches; about 80 percent brown (10YR 5/3) loam (E), light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; extends as tongues into or surrounds remnants of dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) loam (Bt); weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common fine tubular pores; few faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few prominent black (N 2/0) organic coatings in root channels and pores; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (glossic horizon 2 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--18 to 22 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few prominent black (N 2/0) organic coatings in root channels and pores; few fine rounded concretions (Fe/Mn oxides); many coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 6 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
2Bt2--22 to 33 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) clay; weak very fine angular blocky structure; firm; few very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few prominent black (N 2/0) organic coatings in root channels and pores; few fine irregular concretions (Fe-Mn oxides); common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; few fine faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron depletion; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
2Bt3--33 to 48 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; few pressure faces; few faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few prominent black (N 2/0) organic coatings in root channels and pores; many coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; common medium prominent olive gray (5Y 5/2) iron depletions; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizons ranges from 6 to 30 inches thick)
2Btk1--48 to 68 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; firm; few very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; many prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay films on faces of peds; few black (N 2/0) organic coatings in root channels and pores; few fine rounded calcium carbonate concretions; common medium irregular soft masses of calcium carbonate; few fine promonent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; common medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; violently effervescent; about 1 percent gravel; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.
2Btk2--68 to 100 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse angular blocky; firm; few fine interstitial pores; many prominent olive gray (5Y 5/2) clay films on faces of peds; few black (N 2/0) stains (Fe-Mn oxides);few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; few medium distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) iron depletions; few fine rounded calcium carbonate concretions; common medium and coarse irregular soft masses of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Burnett County, Wisconsin; about 0.5 miles east of Grantsburg; 1200feet east and 350 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 24, T. 38 N., R. 19 W.; USGS Grantsburg, Wis. Quad.Latitude 45 degrees 46 minutes 19 seconds N. Longitude 92 degrees 40 minutes 01 second W. NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the loamy mantle ranges from 6 to 24 inches. The weighted average clay content of the particle-size control section ranges from 18 to 27 percent in the upper part and is more than 35 percent in the lower part. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the surface layer and the subsurface layer unless the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid in the upper part of the subsoil and from strongly acid to moderately alkaline in the lower part of the subsoil. Depth to carbonates ranges from 20 to 60 inches. Content of gravel in the loamy mantle ranges from 0 to 25 percent and content of cobbles in the loamy mantle ranges from 0 to 3 percent. The clayey lacustrine deposits contain no coarse fragments. Redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less and saturation occur within the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR , value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Some pedons have an A horizon, 1 to 3 inches thick, with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR , value of 2 to 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture of the Ap or A horizons is silt loam (with more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser) or loam.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR , value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is silt loam (with more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser), loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam.
Horizonation below the E horizon will vary depending on the thickness of the loamy mantle and the extent to which eluviation has taken place. Therefore, there can be E/B, B/E, 2E/B, or 2B/E horizons singly or in combination
The E part of the E/B and the B/E horizon has colors and textures the same as the E horizon. The Bt part of these horizons has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR , value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. Typically texture is loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam but is silt loam or silty clay loam (with more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser)in some pedons.
The 2Bt horizon typically has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture of the 2Bt horizon typically is silty clay or clay, but in some pedons it is silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam. Some pedons have thin lenses of coarser textured soil, in the lower part.
Some pedons have a 2Bktg horizon with colors and textures like the 2Bt horizon except they have chroma of 1 or 2. Carbonate accumulations are present.
The 2Bk horizon has color the same as the 2Bt horizon. Texture is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. Thin lenses of coarser texture are in this horizon in some pedons and this horizon is varved in some pedons. Carbonate accumulations are present.
Some pedons have a 2C horizon. It has the same color, texture, and properties as the 2Bk horizon, but it does not have carbonate accumulations.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Parent material: loamy alluvium over clayey lacustrine deposits
Landform: lake plains and stream terraces
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Elevation: 930 to 980 feet
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 33 inches
Frost-free period: 110 to 130 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alstad, Campia, Crystal Lake, Comstock, Cushing, and Indus soils. The somewhat poorly drained Alstad soils and the well drained and moderately well drained Cushing soils are on adjacent ground moraines. The well drained Campia soils, moderately well drained Crystal Lake soils, and somewhat poorly drained Comstock soils are on similar landscape positions in glacial lake basins where the lacustrine deposits have more silt and less clay. The poorly and somewhat poorly drained Indus soils are on adjacent, lower-lying areas.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from negligible to medium. Permeability is moderate in the loamy mantle and very slow or slow in the clayey deposits. These soils have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 1 to 2 feet for some time in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are used for cropland. Commoncrops are hay, small grain, and corn. Native vegetation is hardwood forest with scattered conifers.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Wisconsin and east-central Minnesota. LRRK, MLRA 90B and 90A. This soil is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Chisago County, Minnesota, 1990.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this soil are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 12 inches (Ap, E).
Albic horizon: 8 to 12 inches (E).
Argillic horizon: 18 to 100 inches ( Bt1, 2Bt2, 2Bt3, 2Btk1, 2Btk2).
Glossic horizon : 12 to 18 inches (E/B).
Aquic feature: Redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to soil survey sample number 91WI013006 for NSSL data on the typicalpedon.