LOCATION SMEDLEY                 NV

Established Series
Rev: WMA/RLB/JBF
06/2017

SMEDLEY SERIES

The Smedley series consists of shallow well drained soils that overlying a strongly cemented hardpan. They formed in alluvium derived from mixed igneous rocks. These soils are on alluvial fans, fan piedmonts and ballenas. Slopes are 2 to 30 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C., and mean annual precipitation is about 150 mm.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey, smectitic, mesic, shallow Argidic Argidurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Smedley very gravelly sandy loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 5 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) very gravelly sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak thin platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; 30 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 10 cm thick)

Bt1--5 to 10 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) cobbly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and common very fine roots; few fine and many very fine tubular pores; many faint clay bridges between sand grains; 20 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones, slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 10 cm thick)

Bt2--10 to 20 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) cobbly clay, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few medium, common fine and many very fine roots; few medium and coarse, and many fine and very fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 15 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 18 cm thick)

Bt3--20 to 33 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)cobbly clay, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few medium, common fine and many very fine roots; few fine and many very fine pores; common faint and distinct clay films on faces of pedsand lining pores; 15 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 cm thick)

Btk--33 to 46 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few medium, common fine, and many very fine roots; few fine and common very fine tubular pores; 25 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones; common faint clay bridges between sand grains; few fine carbonate filaments and soft masses; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary (0 to 18 cm thick)

Bqkm--46 to 109 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) strongly cemented duripan; massive; faint very hard; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); diffuse wavy boundary. (38 to 75 cm thick)

C--109 to 163 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) extremely gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; 50 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Lyon County, Nevada; 2 1/4 miles east of the Morgan Unit, Flying M Ranch; 700 feet north and 800 feet west of the southeast corner of section 13 T. 8 N., R. 27 E.; USGS Mitchell Spring 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 32 minutes 55 seconds N and longitude 118 degrees 54 minutes 36 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.5486111 latitude, -118.9100000 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in some part for short periods during winter and early spring months, and for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July and October due to convection storms; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 12 to 15 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 36 to 50 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 35 to 45 percent.
Rock fragments - 10 to 35 percent.

A horizon
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Reaction: Neutral or slightly alkaline.

Bt horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR.
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Gravelly or cobbly clay loam or clay. Subhorizons of loam or sandy clay loam are in some pedons.
Structure: Blocky or prismatic.
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline.
Other features: Some pedons lack carbonates in the lower subhorizons.

Bqkm horizon
Pan resistance: Hard to extremely hard.
Other features - Pan may have discontinuous indurated laminae.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other soils in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Smedley soils are on alluvial fans with plane or convex slopes, fan piedmonts and ballenas and commonly have a gradient of 2 to 15 percent. Where fans are dissected, short side slopes of up to 30 percent are common. The soils formed in alluvium derived from andesite, rhyolite, basalt and granitic rocks and are underlain in many areas by Tertiary sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone at a depth of more than 100 cm. Elevations are 1,585 to 2,0242 meters. Mean annual temperature is 10 to 12 degrees C. Mean annual precipitation is 100 to 200 mm. Frost-free season is 100 to 130 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Haar and Ravenell soils. Haar soils lack an argillic horizon and are loamy-skeletal. Ravenell soils have a clayey-skeletal argillic horizon and are less than 50 cm deep to Tertiary sedimentary rock on pediments.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium or rapid runoff; slow permeability; moderately high or moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. Vegetation is principally shadscale, Bailey greasewood and galleta.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Nevada. This series is of moderate extent. MLRA 27.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lyon County Area, Nevada, 1981.

REMARKS:Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Argillic horizon - The zone from about 5 to 20 cm (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3 and Btk horizons).
Duripan features - Strongly cemented - The zone from 46 to 109 cm (Bqkm horizon).
Particle- size control section - The zone from 5 to 46 cm. (Bt, Bt2 and Bt3 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.