LOCATION SNAPP                   NV

Established Series
Rev. MTZ/DD/RLB/JBF
11/2019

SNAPP SERIES

The Snapp series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Snapp soils are on fans piedmont remnants and rock pediment remnants. Slopes are 2 to 30 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 230 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey over sandy or sandy-skeletal, smectitic over mixed, mesic Durinodic Xeric Natrargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Snapp very fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soils unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 13 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate thin platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many fine vesicular pores; 5 percent gravel, moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 25 cm thick)

Btn--13 to 23 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine, few medium roots; few fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent gravel; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 18 cm thick)

Btkn--23 to 53 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to strong fine angular blocky; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; continuous faint clay films on faces of peds; many fine carbonate seams; slightly effervescent; 5 percent gravel; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); clear wavy boundary. (13 to 50 cm thick)

Bk--53 to 64 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; gravel completely coated with carbonates, many fine carbonate seams; strongly effervescent; 30 percent gravel; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 25 cm thick)

2Bqk1--64 to 94 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) extremely gravelly loamy sand, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; 60 percent gravel; gravel completely coated with carbonates; 15 percent durinodes; violently effervescent; disseminated carbonates; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 50 cm thick)

2Bqk2--94 to 152 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/4) continuous weakly silica cemented extremely gravelly loamy sand, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; hard, firm, and brittle; 70 percent gravel; violently effervescent; disseminated carbonates; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8)

TYPE LOCATION: Humboldt County, Nevada; about 150 feet south and 1,320 feet east of the northwest corner of section 21, T. 34 N., R. 40 E.; Goldrun Creek 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 40 degrees 48 minutes 47 seconds N and longitude 117 degrees 29 minutes 11 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.8130556 latitude, -117.4863889 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in the winter and spring months, dry from June through October; aridic soil moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Combined thickness of A and Bt horizons: 50 to 75 cm.
Depth to discontinuity: 50 to 90 cm.
Depth to Bqk horizons: 50 to 75 cm.
Depth to segregated carbonates: 8 to 43 cm.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline through very strongly alkaline.
Other features: Some pedons have C horizons below depths of 90 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 35 to 60 percent.
Rock fragments: 5 to 35 percent, mainly gravel.

A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.

Btn and Btkn horizons
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Clay loam, gravelly clay loam clay, or gravelly clay.
Structure: Prismatic; some subhorizons may have subangular or angular blocky structure in some pedons.
Exchangeable sodium: 15 to 25 percent.

Bk horizon (when present)
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 through 5.
Texture: Loam or clay loam.
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent, mainly gravel.
Structure: Subangular blocky or is massive.

Bqk horizons
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 3 through 6.
Texture: Very gravelly or extremely gravelly loamy sand or sand.
Rock fragments: 35 to 70 percent, mainly gravel.
Segregated gypsum: Gypsum as soft masses or filaments are common in any subhorizon.
Silica cementation: Continuously brittle matrix in some subhorizon above 100 cm.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Snapp soils are on fan piedmont remnants and rock pediment remnants. Snapp soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 2 to 30 percent. Elevations are 1,220 to 1,985 meters. The climate is cool, semiarid with warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm, the mean annual temperature is 8 to 10 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 100 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Beoska, Midas, Orovada, and Theodor soils. Beoska soils have a fine-loamy argillic horizon. Midas soils lack an argillic horizon. Orovada soils lack an argillic horizon and have a coarse-loamy particle-size control section. Theodor soils have an aridic moisture regime.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well-drained; medium or rapid runoff; moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. The vegetation is mainly Wyoming big sagebrush, spiny hopsage, Thurber needlegrass, and bottlebrush squirreltail.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Nevada. Snapp soils are of moderate extent. MLRA 24 and 25.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pershing County (East Part), Nevada, 1986.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 13 cm. (A horizon)
Natric horizon - The zone from about 23 to 53 cm. (Btkn horizon)
Argillic horizon - The zone from about 13 to 53 cm. (Btn and Btkn horizons)
Continuously brittle matrix - The zone from 94 to 152 cm. (Bkq2 horizon)
Particle-size control section - The zone from 13 to 53 cm. (Btn and Btkn horizons)

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.