LOCATION SPRINGERTON IL

Established Series
Rev. WSM-JCD
07/2011

SPRINGERTON SERIES

The Springerton series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils formed in loamy stratified outwash. Springerton soils are on nearly level or slightly depressional parts of outwash plains, stream terraces, or high flood plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1016 mm (40 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C (55 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Springerton loam, on a nearly level slope in a cultivated field on a terrace at an elevation of about 118 meters (388 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine granular and moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A--23 to 38 cm (9 to 15 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Ap and A horizons is 25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 inches).]

AB--38 to 48 cm (15 to 19 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; many fine faint dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) iron depletions; friable; few very fine roots; 2 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 15 cm (6 inches) thick]

Btg1--48 to 64 cm (19 to 25 inches); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron; 2 percent gravel; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg2--64 to 89 cm (25 to 35 inches); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) clay loam; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; many fine and medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron; 2 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Btg3--89 to 104 cm (35 to 41 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; many fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron and few fine faint gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; few fine prominent spherical reddish black (2.5YR 2.5/1) extremely weakly cemented iron-manganese masses; 3 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Btg4--104 to 114 cm (41 to 45 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; common medium prominent olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) and many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; 3 percent gravel; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg5--114 to 165 cm (45 to 65 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam with strata of sandy loam; weak medium prismatic structure; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films in pores; common medium prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; common medium faint grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; 4 percent gravel; neutral. [Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is 64 to 152 cm (25 to 60 inches).]

TYPE LOCATION: White County, Illinois, 100 feet south and 2,500 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 22, T. 4 S., R. 9 E; USGS Centerville, Illinois topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 10 minutes 10 seconds N. and long. 88 degrees 11 minutes 50 seconds W.; UTM Zone 16, 395130 easting and 4225295 northing, NAD 83

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 inches)
Depth to the base of soil development: 101 to 203 cm (40 to 80 inches)

Ap, A, or AB horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 to 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam or clay loam
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

Btg horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y or is neutral
Value: 2 to 6
Chroma: 0 to 2
Above a depth of 102 cm (40 inches):
Texture: commonly loam or clay loam; less commonly silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: individual horizons may range from 20 to 38 percent but averages between 20 and 35 percent
Sand content: averages between 15 and 40 percent
Below a depth of 102 cm (40 inches):
Texture: stratified loam to sandy loam; thin strata of silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, loamy sand, or sand in some pedons
Clay content: individual subhorizons may range to as low as 5 percent but averages between 20 to 30 percent
Sand content: individual subhorizons may range to as high as 95 percent but averages between 25 to 50 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Colwood and Free series. Colwood soils have carbonates in the lower part of the series control section. Free soils have more than 15 percent gravel in the lower part of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Springerton soils are on nearly level or slightly depressional parts of outwash plains, stream terraces, or high flood plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Springerton soils formed in loamy outwash material. Mean annual temperature ranges from 12 to 14 degrees C (54 to 57 degrees F). Mean annual precipitation ranges from 102 to 122 cm (40 to 48 inches).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Newhaven and Ruark soils. Springerton soils are in a drainage sequence with the somewhat poorly drained Newhaven soils which are on higher positions. Ruark soils do not have a mollic epipedon and are in similar positions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained. Depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 0 to 64 cm (0 to 2 feet) during the spring in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. Permeability is moderate.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for cropland. Principal crops are corn and soybeans. Natural vegetation is hydrophytic grasses, reeds, and sedges.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 113 and 115A in southern Illinois.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: White County, Illinois, 1990.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon horizon: from the surface to a depth of 48 cm (19 inches) (Ap, A, and AB horizons).
Cambic horizon: from a depth of 48 to 165 cm (19 to 65 inches) (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, Btg4, and Btg5 horizons).
Aquic conditions: redox depletions in the lower part of the mollic epipedon and dominant chroma of 2 in all horizons below the mollic epipedon.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.