LOCATION SPRINGWARM              NV

Established Series
Rev. JVN-JBF-WED
07/2016

SPRINGWARM SERIES

The Springwarm series consists of moderately deep, poorly drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks with spring deposited travertine. The Springwarm soils are on alluvial flats. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 150 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Aeric Halaquepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Springwarm sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with 10 percent gravel

Anz--0 to 3 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak medium platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine vesicular and common very fine interstitial pores; 10 percent travertine gravel; violently effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 13 cm thick)

Cnz--3 to 25 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 15 percent travertine gravel; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)

Cn1--25 to 38 cm; white (10YR 8/1) very cobbly loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine tubular and common very fine interstitial pores; 20 percent travertine gravel and 25 percent travertine cobbles; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)

Cn2--38 to 56 cm; white (10YR 8/1) extremely gravelly loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine interstitial pores; 60 percent travertine gravel and 20 percent travertine cobbles; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear irregular boundary. (13 to 38 cm thick)

R--56 to 91 cm; white (10YR 8/1) cemented travertine with common pockets of very gravelly sand, pale olive (5Y 6/3) moist.

TYPE LOCATION: Nye County, Nevada, Northeast part; about 1400 feet east and 2000 feet south of northwest corner of section 12, T. 6 N., R. 54 E.; USGS The Wall NE 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 23 minutes 40 seconds N and longitude 115 degrees 51 minutes 04 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.405389 latitude, -115.853611 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in some part for short periods during winter and early spring and for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July to October following convection storms. The soil moisture control section is saturated below 46 cm during winter and spring.
Mean annual soil temperature: 12 to 15 degrees C.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 50, decreases with depth
Depth to travertine bedrock: 50 to 100 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 18 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 45 to 75 percent travertine gravel and cobbles.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Salinity: Greater than 16 mmhos/cm

Cnz horizon
Value: 6 through 8.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Texture: Loam, silt loam, or clay loam.
Clay content: 27 to 40 percent.
Rock fragments: 15 to 25 percent travertine gravel and cobbles.
Salinity: 8 to 16 mmhos/cm

Cn horizon
Value: 6 through 8.
Chroma: 1 through 3.
Texture: Loam, silt loam or clay loam.
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent.
Structure: Granular or massive.
Rock fragments: 45 to 80 percent travertine gravel and cobbles.
Salinity: 2 to 4 mmhos/cm

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Springwarm soils are on alluvial flats. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks cemented with spring precipitated travertine. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. Elevations are 1,405 to 1,465. The climate is cool, arid with cool, moist winters and hot, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 125 to 175 mm, mean annual temperature is 10 to 12 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 120 to 150 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Delacit and Jotava soils. Delacit soils have a natric horizon, are moderately well drained and are shallow. Jotava soils are very deep and do not have travertine gravels or cobbles.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained; slow runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity. Watertable is at 46 to 100 mm during winter and spring months.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly alkali rabbitbrush, saltgrass, alkali sacaton and thistle.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Nevada. MLRA 29. These soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Nye County, (Northeast Part) Nevada, 1993.

REMARKS: The Springwarm soils are underlain by cemented travertine. The soil has a water table above and below the cemented travertine. Where there are windows in the cemented layers water seeps through the cemented layer.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to a depth of about 18 cm (A and part of the Cnz horizons).
Aeric feature - Chroma of 3 or 4 in some subhorizon within 76 cm.
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 56 cm (Cn1 and Cn2 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.