LOCATION SWANTOWER               OR

Tentative Series
IRD. CEG/MPR
02/2025

SWANTOWER SERIES

Landscape--mountains
Landform--dip slopes and scarp slopes of stratovolcanoes
Slope--2 to 35 percent
Parent material--sandy colluvium derived from volcanic rock and/or from coarse pumiceous volcanic ash and pumice parafragments over loamy colluvium derived from volcanic rock and/or tephra
Mean annual precipitation--about 940 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 2.7 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--somewhat excessively drained
Soil moisture regime--udic
Soil temperature regime--cryic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy-skeletal over loamy-skeletal, amorphic over isotic Humic Vitricryands

TYPICAL PEDON: Swantower gravelly ashy loamy coarse sand on a forested dip slope of a stratovolcano with a slope of 20 percent and an elevation of 2,115 m. Surface stones and boulders cover 1.5 percent of the surface

Oi--0 to 1 cm; slightly decomposed plant material; abrupt smooth boundary

Oe--1 to 2 cm; moderately decomposed plant material; abrupt smooth boundary

A1--2 to 8 centimeters; gravelly ashy loamy coarse sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/2) moist; weak coarse granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; 15 percent volcanic gravel, 1 percent volcanic cobbles, 1 percent volcanic stones; noneffervescent; strongly acid (pH 5.2); abrupt smooth boundary

A2--8 to 30 centimeters; cobbly ashy coarse sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, and common fine and medium roots; many very fine irregular pores; 10 percent volcanic gravel, 10 percent volcanic cobbles, and 2 percent volcanic stones; noneffervescent; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary

Bw1--30 to 60 centimeters; extremely cobbly ashy coarse sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky, slightly plastic; common very fine, very few fine, and common medium roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 5 percent fine and medium pumice paragravel, 10 percent volcanic gravel, 45 percent volcanic cobbles, and 10 percent volcanic stones; noneffervescent; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary

2Bw2--60 to 200 centimeters; very gravelly ashy sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; very few fine and medium roots; common very fine dendritic tubular pores; 25 percent volcanic gravel and 10 percent volcanic cobbles; noneffervescent; strongly acid (pH 5.4)

TYPE LOCATION: Klamath County, Oregon; 0.75 mile north and 1.9 miles west of the Swan Lake Point communications tower; 13 miles north and 8 miles east, of the town of Klamath Falls; 122 m south and 244 m west and of the northeast corner of Section 32, T. 36 S., R. 9 E., Willamette Meridian; Swan Lake Point, Oregon USGS quadrangle; latitude 42.4123383 degrees north, longitude 121.6660995 degrees west, datum WGS84 (coordinates determined with a GPS)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

*Soil Temperature: cryic regime
*Mean annual soil temperature-- 1.2 to 5.2 degrees C
*Mean summer soil temperature-- 4.0 to 8.0 degrees C
*Mean winter soil temperature-- -2.1 to 1.9 degrees C
*Moisture control section--20 to 60 cm; not dry in any part for as long as 90 days in normal years; dry in all parts for 30 to 45 consecutive days in August, September or October
*Rock fragments--pumice paragravel in the upper part of the profile; andesite paragravel in the lower part of the profile; hard lava or andesite gravel, cobbles and stones
*Umbric epipedon--25 to 48 cm thick
*Lithologic discontinuity, depth below mineral soil surface--36 to 95 cm

Particle-size control section
*Rock fragment content, upper part--35 to 70 percent
*Rock fragment content, lower part--35 to 80 percent
*Pararock fragment content, upper part--0 to 10 percent
*Pararock fragment content, lower part--0 to 15 percent

Estimated properties, upper part of the profile
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al plus 1/2 Fe--0.4 to 2.0 percent
*.02 to 2.0-mm fraction--60 to 90 percent
*Medium to very coarse sand in the .02 to 2.0 mm fraction--greater than 50 percent
*P retention--25 to 50
*Volcanic glass content--15 to 100 percent
*Moist bulk density--0.7 to 1.0 g/cm3
*1/3-bar bulk density--0.75 to 0.9 g/cm3
*1500 kPa water (air-dried samples)--3 to 12 percent

A and AB horizons
*Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
*Value--2, 2.5 or 3 moist, 3 to 5 dry; some coarse and very coarse sand grains are 4 moist, 6 dry
*Chroma--2 or 3 moist, 2 to 4 dry; some coarse and very coarse sand grains are 4 to 6 moist
*Fine-earth texture--ashy coarse sandy loam, ashy loamy coarse sand
*Clay content--1 to 15 percent
*Total content of rock and pararock fragments--15 to 80 percent
*Paragravel content--0 to 5 percent
*Gravel content--10 to 30 percent
*Cobble content--1 to 40 percent
*Stone content--0 to 40 percent
*Boulder content--0 to 25 percent
*Reaction--strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1 to 7.3)
*Thickness--25 to 48 cm

Bw horizon or C horizon (where present)
*Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
*Value--3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry
*Chroma--3 or 4 moist or dry; some coarse and very coarse sand grains are 5 or 6 moist
*Fine-earth texture--ashy coarse sandy loam, ashy loamy sand, ashy loamy coarse sand
*Clay content--1 to 15
*Total content of rock and pararock fragments--15 to 80 percent
*Paragravel content--0 to 5 percent
*Gravel content--10 to 40 percent
*Cobble content--5 to 45 percent
*Stone content--0 to 40 percent
*Boulder content--0 to 25 percent
*Thickness--13 to 64 cm

2Bw horizon
*Hue--5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
*Value--3 to 5 moist, 4 or 5 dry
*Chroma--2 to 4 moist or dry
*Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy sandy loam
*Clay content--1 to 25
*Total content of rock and pararock fragments--35 to 80 percent
*Paragravel content--0 to 15 percent
*Gravel content--10 to 55 percent
*Cobble content--5 to 40 percent
*Stone content--0 to 40 percent
*Boulder content--0 to 60 percent
*Reaction--strongly acid to slightly acid (pH 5.1 to 6.5)

COMPETING SERIES:

KANER--ashy loam and ashy sandy loam textures in ash-influenced layers; rock fragments are all gravel-sized; parent material volcanic ash mixed with colluvium and residuum from granite, gneiss, phylline, and diorite; mean annual precipitation 1650-2050 mm

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--1875 to 2050 m
Climate--cold moist winters and cool dry summers
Mean annual air temperature--0.7 to 4.7 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--860 to 1020 mm
Frost-free period--30 to 50 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Swansprings--scarp slopes and dip slopes on stratovolcanoes; argillic horizon in lower part of profile
Yawhee--dip slopes on stratovolcanoes; frigid soil temperature regime
Edgewood--scarp slopes and dip slopes on stratovolcanoes; frigid soil temperature regime

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--somewhat excessively drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high to very high in the upper part and moderately high to high in the lower part

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, wildlife habitat, livestock grazing, recreation
Vegetation--lodgepole pine, white fir, grand fir, wax currant, long-stolon sedge

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Olympic and Cascade Mountains, Oregon; MLRA 3; small extent

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES PROPOSED:
Klamath County, Northern Part, Oregon, 2020
Origin of the name--the name is coined, derived from nearby geographic feature, Swanlake Point, and nearby radio tower.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon
*Umbric epipedon--zone from 2 to 30 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 30 to 200 cm
*Andic soil properties--zone from 2 to 60 cm
*Volcanic glass--zone from 2 to 200 cm
*Depth to lithologic discontinuity--60 cm
*Particle-size control section--2 to 102 cm
*Laboratory data--laboratory data exist for the frigid counterpart of this series (Edgewood soil; S2005OR683012)

ADDITIONAL DATA:
NASIS SITE ID--05-JFD-11; NASIS PEDON ID--05OR683011

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.