LOCATION SEES KY+OH TN WVEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Aquollic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Sees silty clay loam--cultivated.(Colors are for moist soils.)
Ap--0 to 15 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)
Bt1--15 to 30 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, common fine roots; many faint clay films on faces of peds; common fine and medium grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (14 to 30 inches thick)
Bt2--30 to 40 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; 5 percent dolomite fragments and gravel; many distinct clay films on the faces of peds; many medium faint gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; many fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
C--40 to 62 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay; massive; very firm, common fine and medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; 10 percent rounded pebbles and dolomite fragments; moderately acid. (0 to 40 inches thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Lewis County, Kentucky; about 2.8 miles southwest of Charters, 1.1 miles north of the old Haselton School, 1,280 feet west of Big Branch, and 100 feet north of a dirt road in Killfillian Hollow.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to limestone, siltstone, or shale bedrock is 40 to more than 100 inches. Thickness of the solum is 30 to 60 inches. Limestone fragments range from 0 to 15 percent in the solum, and 0 to 35 percent in the C horizons. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to moderately alkaline. Some pedons have free lime in the solum or in the C horizon.
The A and Ap horizons have hue of 10YR to 2.5Y, value of 3, and chroma of 3 or less. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The Bt1 horizon has hue of 10YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 6. Redoximorphic features range from few to many in shades of brown and gray. Texture is silty clay loam, silty clay, and clay.
The Bt2 horizon has hue of 10YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Redoximorphic features range from common to many in shades of brown and gray. Texture is silty clay or clay.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Many pedons are a mottled pattern in shades of olive, gray, and brown without a dominant matrix color. Texture is silty clay or clay.
COMPETING SERIES: Manawa series is the only member of this family. In closely related families are Ashton, Brooke, Licking,and Woolper series. Manawa soils have 2B horizons that have hues of 5YR or 2.5R. Ashton soils have a fine-silty textural control section and lack gray mottles in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon. Brooke soils lack grayish mottles in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon and have bedrock at 20 to 40 inches. Licking soils lack the 6 to 10 inch dark colored A horizon. Woolper soils have a mollic epipedon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sees soils are on foot slopes and benches with slopes ranging from 0 to 35 percent. These soils developed in colluvial material weathered from limestones, calcareous shales, and siltstones. Near the type location the average annual precipitation is 56 inches, and the average annual air temperature is 55 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Brashear, Fairmount, and Otway series and the competing Woolper series. Brashear soils lack the dark colored A horizon and grayish mottles in the upper part of the solum. Fairmount soils are 10 to 20 inches to bedrock and lack argillic horizons and grayish mottles in the B horizon. Otway soils are 20 to 40 inches to bedrock and have a mollic epipedon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is medium to high. Permeability is slow or very slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are in pasture, hay, corn, small grains, and burley tobacco. Native forests have oak, black walnut, yellow-poplar, shagbark hickory, elm, hackberry, locust, and red cedar as common species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Bluegrass region of Kentucky,southern Ohio, West Virginia, and possibly Tennessee. Extent is small.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Bath County, Kentucky, 1960.
REMARKS: The Official Series Location was moved to Lewis County, Kentucky during the MLRA-121 update.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - 0 to 15 inches (Ap).
Argillic horizon - 15 to 40 inches (Bt).
Redoximorphic features: 15 to 62 inches (Bt and C horizons)