LOCATION SPRINGER                TX NM+OK

Established Series
Rev. ERB:JCW:RFG:TMK
09/2016

SPRINGER SERIES

The Springer series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately rapidly permeable soils that formed in eolian sediments and alluvium. These nearly level to hummocky soils are on interdunes and dunes of sand sheets on stream terraces alluvial plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 10 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 16 degrees C (61 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 635 mm (25 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Typic Paleustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Springer loamy fine sand - pasture, at an elevation of 610 m (2000 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated)

A--0 to 41 cm (0 to 16 in) light brown (7.5YR 6/4) loamy fine sand, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; structureless; loose; few fine roots; few fine water worn pebbles; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 20 to 51 cm [8 to 20 in])

Bt1--41 to 76 cm (16 to 30 in) reddish brown (5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable; few fine roots; few pockets of sandy clay loam; sand grains bridged with clay films; few fine pebbles; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt2--76 to 107 cm (30 to 42 in) yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable; pockets of sandy clay loam; sand grains bridged with clay; few clean sand grains; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 25 to 142 cm [10 to 56 in])

Eb--107 to 142 cm (42 to 56 in) reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) loamy fine sand, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; structureless; few pockets of clean sand grains; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Eb horizon is 0 to 51 cm [0 to 20 in])

Btb--142 to 183 cm (56 to 72 in) yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable; few pockets of sandy clay loam; sand grains are bridged and coated; moderately alkaline; diffuse wavy boundary. (Thickness of the Btb horizon is 14 to 51 cm [6 to 20 in])

BCb--183 to 213 cm (72 to 84 in) reddish yellow (5YR 6/6), yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable; few pockets of clean sand grains, also few bands and pockets of sandy clay loam material; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Kent County, Texas; from Texas Highway 70 one mile south of Jayton, about 4.6 miles southwest on U. S. Highway 380 to roadside park, then 300 feet southeast in pasture.

USGS topographic quadrangle: Jayton South
Latitude: 33 degrees, 10 minutes, 56.32 seconds N
Longitude: 100 degrees, 36 minutes, 49.72 seconds W

Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 33.182311
Longitude: 100.613815

UTM Easting: 349547 m
UTM Northing: 3672658 m
UTM Zone: 14N

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 152 to 203 cm (60 to >80 in)
Depth to a buried horizon: 100 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: greater than 100 cm (40 in)
Soil Moisture: Typic Ustic

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 8 to 18 percent
Sand content: 50 to 85 percent
Coarse Fragments: 0 to 3 percent
CEC/clay ratio: 0.4 to 0.6

A horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 or 6, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, or fine sandy loam
Effervescence: none
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Bt horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 8
Texture: sandy loam or fine sandy loam, and includes loamy sand, or loamy fine sand in the lower part
Clay content: 6 to 18 percent
Clay films: sand grains are coated and bridged with clay, clay films may be present
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 3 percent by volume; quartzite gravel
Effervescence: none
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Eb horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 8
Texture: fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 2 to 12 percent
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 3 percent by volume; quartzite gravel
Effervescence: none
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

Btb horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 10 to 25 percent
Clay films: sand grains are coated and bridged with clay, clay films may be present
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 3 percent by volume; quartzite gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: few, fine, threads or masses of calcium carbonate; location-below 100 cm (40 in) in some pedons
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

BCb horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: fine sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 2 to 12 percent
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 3 percent by volume; quartzite gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: few, fine, threads or masses of calcium carbonate; location-below 100 cm (40 in) in some pedons
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. Similar soils are the Nobscot and Spantara series.
Nobscot series: have a sandy textured epipedon more than 50 cm (20 in) thick
Spantara series: do not have a buried horizon of sandy loam or sandy clay loam texture within 152 cm (60 in) of the surface and occurs in a drier climate that receives less than 50 cm (20 in) average annual rainfall

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: eolian and/or alluvium
Landscape: alluvial plains
Landform: interdunes and dunes of sand sheets on stream terraces
Slope: 0 to 10 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 14 to 18 degrees C (57 to 64 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 510 to 710 mm (20 to 28 in)
Frost-free period: 180 to 230 days
Elevation: 305 to 670 m (1,000 to 2,200 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 30 to 44

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Delwin, Devol, Grandfield, Grandmore, Headrick, Heatly, Miles, Nobscot, Ozark, and Eda series.
Delwin, Grandfield, Grandmore, Heatly, and Miles series: occur on similar or slightly lower positions and contain more than 18 percent clay content in the particle-size control section
Devol series: occur on similar positions
Eda series: occur on higher positions, do not have an argillic horizon, and have sandy textures throughout the profile
Headrick and Ozark series: occur in lower positions, contain more than 18 percent clay content in the particle-size control section, and have a water table in the lower part
Nobscot series: occur on similar positions and have a sandy textured epipedon more than 50 cm (20 in) thick

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderately rapid. Runoff is negligible on less than 1 percent slopes, very low on 1 to 5 percent slopes, and low on 5 to 10 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and cropland; Cotton, sorghum, peanuts, and winter wheat are the main crops. Native vegetation is mostly little bluestem, sand bluestem, Indiangrass, switchgrass, sideoats grama, and sand lovegrass. Sand sage and Chickasaw plum are the woody plants.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: LRR H; Central Rolling Red Plains of Texas and Oklahoma; MLRA 78B & 78C. The series is extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Midland County, Texas; 1928.

REMARKS:

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 41 cm (0 to 16 in) (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 41 to 107 cm (16 to 42 in) (Bt1, Bt2 horizons)
Particle-size control section: 41 to 91 cm (16 to 36 in) (Bt horizon)
Paleustalfs feature: skeletans in the Eb horizon and a Bt with a hue of 5YR and chroma of 5 or more throughout
Depth to a buried horizon: 142 cm (56 in)

ADDITIONAL DATA: The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by laboratory data number S00ok-055-004 from Greer County, OK.

Taxonomic version: Keys To Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.