LOCATION STANDINGSTONE TN+KY

Established Series
GSK-MCO-JLN
05/2012

STANDINGSTONE SERIES

The Standingstone series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in sandstone colluvium over residuum derived from limestone. The Standingstone soils are on side slopes and toe slopes on the escarpment of the Cumberland Plateau. Slopes range from 5 to 40 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1450 mm (57 inches) and the mean annual temperature is about 14 degrees C. (57 degrees F.)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy over clayey, siliceous over mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Paleudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Standingstone loam - wooded. (Colors are for moist soil, unless otherwise noted.)

Oi--0 to 1 centimeters (0.4 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1); brown (10YR 5/3), dry; slightly decomposed plant material;slightly acid . (0 to 5 cm [0 - 1 inch] thick)

A--1 to 8 centimeters (0.4 to 3 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many fine and common coarse roots throughout; 13 percent sandstone channers; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (3 to 15 cm [1 - 6 inches] thick)

BA--8 to 15 centimeters (3 to 6 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4), dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; 10 percent sandstone channers; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 30 cm [0 - 12 inches] thick)

Bt1--15 to 33 centimeters (6 to 13 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) channery loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common medium roots; 10 percent faint clay films on faces of peds; 18 percent sandstone channers; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (13 to 38 cm [5 - 15 inches] thick)

2Bt2--33 to 68 centimeters (13 to 27 inches); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; strong medium angular blocky structure; very firm; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent sandstone channers; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

2Bt3--68 to 107 centimeters (27 to 42 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; strong medium subangular blocky structure; very firm; few medium roots throughout; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent sandstone channers; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Bt4--107 to 139 centimeters (42 to 55 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; few medium roots throughout; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Bt5--139 to 160 centimeters (55 to 63 inches); red (2.5YR 5/6) clay; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; few medium roots between peds; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; few medium prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) iron and manganese concretions along faces of peds; 2 percent sandstone channers; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

2Bt6--160 to 216 centimeters (63 to 85 inches); red (2.5YR 5/6) clay; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; few medium roots between peds; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent sandstone channers; strongly acid. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizons is 102 to 203 cm [40 - 80 inches] thick)

TYPE LOCATION: White County, Tennessee, on a southeast facing slope, about one half mile north of the Bear Cove Church: USGS Sparta, TN topographic quadrangle; lat. 35 degrees, 55 minutes, 25.73 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees, 25 minutes, 39.8 seconds W., UTM Zone 16, 641847 easting and 3976640 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 152 to more than 254 cm (60 to more than 100 inches)
Depth to top of lithologic discontinuity: 30 to 61 cm (12 to 24 inches)
Depth to a lithic contact: 152 to more than 203 cm (60 to more than 80 inches)
Rock fragments: dominantly sandstone channers, flagstones and stones. Some pedons may have chert.

Oi horizon(s): (Where present)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 to 3
Chroma: 1 to 2
In lieu of texture: slightly decomposed plant material
Rock fragment content: 0 to 25 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to strongly acid

A horizon(s):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 40 percent
Sand content: 30 to 60 percent
Clay content: 10 to 26 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to strongly acid

BA, BE horizon(s) (Where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 40 percent
Sand content: 30 to 60 percent
Clay content: 15 to 26 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

Bt horizon(s):
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay loam or loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 30 percent
Sand content: 30 to 50 percent
Clay content: 10 to 30 percent
Reaction very strongly acid or strongly acid

2Bt horizon(s): (Some pedons may have iron and manganese concentrations)
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 4 to 8 moist
Texture: clay or silty clay
Rock fragment content: 0 to 25 percent
Sand content: 0 to 40 percent
Clay content: 40 to 70 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to moderately acid

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Standingstone soils are on side slopes and toe slopes on the escarpment of the Cumberland Plateau. Slopes range from 5 to 40 percent. Elevation is 285 to 410 meters (935 to 1345 feet.) Most of this area formed in 30 to 61 cm (12 to 24 inches) of sandstone colluvium and is underlain by residuum weathered from Mississippian-age limestone. The mean annual precipitation in this area is 1397 to 1549 millimeters (55 to 59 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 13 to 15 degrees C. (55 to 59 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Algood, Bouldin, Caneyville, Donahue, and Hayter soils. The Algood soils are fine-loamy. Bouldin soils are loamy-skeletal. Caneyville soils are fine and are less than 100 cm (40 inches) to bedrock. Donahue soils are fine-loamy and average less than 40 inches to bedrock. Hayter soils are fine-loamy and contain less clay in the lower part of the solum.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the upper part of the solum and moderately low in the underlying material. The potential for surface water runoff is very high.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are wooded. Lesser sloping areas may be cleared and used for pasture. Native vegetation is mixed mesophytic hardwood forest.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 122-Highland Rim and Pennyroyal. Series extent is moderate.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia

SERIES PROPOSED: White County, Tennessee 2011. Standingstone is a local place name.

REMARKS: The Standingstone was previously correlated as the Bledsoe series in parts of MLRA 122. These areas have been changed to Standingstone based on lab data.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: The zone from 1 to 8 cm (0.4 to 3 inches) (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 15 to 216 cm (6 to 85 inches) (Bt and 2Bt horizons)
Lithologic discontinuity: 33 cm (13 inches)

Particle size control section: 15 to 100 cm (6 to 39 inches)

The representative component and horizon data is in DMU# 593215.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data on sample numbers 10TN185001 (typical pedon), 10TN133001, 10TN141002 is from the NSSL in Lincoln, NE.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.