LOCATION SYLVANIA MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Oxyaquic Haplohumults
TYPICAL PEDON: Sylvania loam on a west facing, convex, 10 percent slope under mixed pasture at an elevation of 1,035 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common medium roots; 10 percent sandstone gravel and 3 percent sandstone cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.7); abrupt smooth boundary.
A--6 to 11 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) gravelly loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common medium roots; 15 percent sandstone gravel and 5 percent sandstone cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); clear smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the Ap and A horizons is 7 to 10 inches)
BA--11 to 15 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) very gravelly sandy clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; common fine roots; 45 percent sandstone gravel and 5 percent sandstone cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.3); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
2Bt1--15 to 24 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) and dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) clay; few fine weak red (10R 4/4) and common fine yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots; common distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent sandstone channers; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); gradual smooth boundary.
2Bt2--24 to 30 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) clay; common fine red (10R 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots; common distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); gradual smooth boundary.
2Bt3--30 to 40 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay; many fine dark red (2.5YR 3/6) and common fine strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots; common distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); gradual smooth boundary.
2Bt4--40 to 45 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay; common fine brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) and common fine red (2.5YR 4/8) masses of iron accumulation; weak thin platy structure parting to weak very fine and fine subangular blocky; firm; common distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); clear smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the Bt and 2Bt horizons is 16 to 48 inches)
2Cr--45 to 55 inches; weathered shale
TYPE LOCATION: Dade County, Missouri; about 4 1/2 miles east of Sylvania; 1,900 west and 2,900 feet north of the southeast corner of section 18, T. 32 N., R. 27 W.; Cedarville USGS quadrangle; latitude 37 degrees 30 minutes 51 seconds N. and longitude 93 degrees 56 minutes 19 seconds W..
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 31 to 58 inches
Depth to weathered shale: 40 to 60 inches
Kind of rock fragments: Sandstone and shale and, in a few areas, rounded or subrounded chert
A horizon:
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 to 3
Fine earth--loam, fine sandy loam, silt loam, or clay loam
Content of rock fragments--0 to 80 percent
Gravel size fragments--0 to 80 percent
Cobble size fragments--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to very strongly acid and ranges up
to slightly acid where limed
BA horizon:
Value--3 or 4
Chroma--2 to 6
Fine earth--silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, sandy clay
loam, or clay loam
Content of rock fragments--5 to 85 percent
Gravel size fragments--0 to 85 percent
Cobble size fragments--0 to 15 percent
Reaction--very strongly acid or strongly acid
Upper 2Bt horizon:
Hue--10R to 10YR
Value--3 to 6
Chroma--3 to 6
Fine earth--silty clay, clay, clay loam, loam, or silty
clay loam
Content of rock fragments--0 to 20 percent
Gravel size fragments--0 to 20 percent
Channer size fragments--0 to 15 percent
Lower 2Bt horizon:
Hue--7.5YR to 5Y
Value--5 to 7
Chroma--1 to 8
Fine earth--clay, silty clay, clay loam, silty clay loam
Content of rock fragments--0 to 35 percent
Gravel size fragments--0 to 15 percent
Channer size fragments--0 to 30 percent
2BC horizon (where present):
Hue--2.5YR to 5Y
Value--5 or 6
Chroma--2 to 6
Fine earth--silty clay loam, loam, or silty clay
Content of rock fragments--0 to 35 percent
Gravel size fragments--0 to 30 percent
Cobble size fragments--0 to 5 percent
Channer size fragments--0 to 25 percent
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on upland ridgetops and sideslopes. The regolith consists of a mantle of colluvium and the underlying residuum weathered from shale or shale and interbedded sandstone. Sandstone fragments and, in areas where conglomerate is present chert fragments, are commonly part of the colluvium. Slopes range from 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 35 to 44 inches and the mean annual temperature ranges from 57 to 63 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Barco, Barden, and Collinsville soils. Barco soils have a loamy subsoil, are moderately deep to bedrock and are on similar landscape positions. Barden soils are very deep, and are commonly on less sloping positions. Collinsville soils are shallow to bedrock and are on lower side slopes below Sylvania soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is low to medium. Permeability is moderately slow. The saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. A perched zone of water saturation is present in most years from 2.5 to 4 feet.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are in pasture or hayland, although some areas are used for row crops. The kind of native vegetation is uncertain and no longer important because of the current use.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Ozark Border Area (MLRA 116B) of southwest Missouri and may extend into the Cherokee Prairie Area (MLRA 112). The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dade County, Missouri, 1996.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this series are:
Umbric epipedon--surface to a depth of 11 inches (A horizon).
Argillic horizon--approximately 15 to 45 inches (Bt horizons).
Humult feature--Organic carbon is above 0.9 percent in the upper 6 inches
of the argillic horizon
Paralithic contact--45 inches (2Cr horizon).
Oxyaquic feature--a perched saturated zone in the lower horizons.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Missouri Laboratory Data Number--M9405701
These soils are mapped in the Pennsylvanian age geologic material.