LOCATION TANOAN NMEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Calciustepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Tanoan gravelly sandy loam--on a convex shoulder sloping 9 percent to the south at 6,600 feet elevation--woodland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described, the soil was dry from the surface to 32 inches, slightly moist from 32 to 61 inches, and dry below 61 inches)
A--0 to 3 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) gravelly sandy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak thick platy structure parting to moderate fine granular; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few fine and common very fine roots; common very fine irregularly shaped pores; 15 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 4 inches thick)
Bk1--3 to 7 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few medium, few fine, and few very fine roots; few fine and few very fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, secondary calcium carbonate segregated as few fine irregularly shaped coats on rock fragments and faces of peds; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 11 inches thick)
Bk2--7 to 24 inches; pink (7.5YR 7/3) loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/3) moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few coarse, few medium, few fine, and few very fine roots; few fine and common very fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; violently effervescent, secondary calcium carbonate segregated as many fine and medium irregularly shaped coats on faces of peds and on rock fragments; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (6 to 17 inches thick)
Bk3--24 to 32 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3) sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few coarse, common medium, few fine, and few very fine roots; few fine and few very fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; violently effervescent, secondary calcium carbonate segregated as common fine and medium irregularly shaped coats on faces of peds and on rock fragments; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 22 inches thick)
Bkq--32 to 57 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist, moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few medium, few fine, and few very fine roots; few fine and common very fine tubular pores; matrix is partially cemented in places by secondary silica; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, secondary calcium carbonate segregated as few fine irregularly shaped coats on faces of peds; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 26 inches thick)
BCk1--57 to 70 inches; pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) gravelly loamy coarse sand, brown (7.5YR 5/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and few very fine roots; common very fine irregularly shaped pores; 15 percent gravel; violently effervescent, secondary calcium carbonate segregated as many fine irregularly shaped coats on rock fragments and coarse sand grains; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); clear wavy boundary. (13 to 26 inches thick)
BCk2--70 to 84 inches; pink (7.5YR 7/3) gravelly coarse sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; violently effervescent, secondary calcium carbonate segregated as common fine irregularly shaped coats on rock fragments and coarse sand grains; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Santa Fe County, New Mexico; about 1.5 miles northwest of Agua Fria; 1,700 feet north and 1,500 feet east of the southwest corner of section 30, T.17N., R.9E.; USGS Agua Fria 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; Latitude 35 degrees 40 minutes 20 seconds North and Longitude 106 degrees 1 minute 50 seconds West, NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - The soil moisture control section is moist in all parts during the 60 days following the winter solstice. It is moist in some part less than 40 percent and moist in all parts less than 25 percent of the time when the soil temperature at 20 inches is above 41 degrees F. The soils are driest in May and June. The soil moisture regime is ustic bordering on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature - 49 to 52 degrees F.
Depth to calcic horizon - 2 to 4 inches
Lithology of rock fragments: dominantly granite, gneiss, and schist
Particle-size control section (weighted averages)
Silicate clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Sand content: 30 to 70 percent
Fine sand or coarser content: 35 to 60 percent
Rock fragment content: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction - moderately alkaline in the surface horizon; moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline in the underlying horizons
Salinity, mmhos/cm - 0 to 1 in the upper part of the profile; 0 to 4 in the lower part of the profile
Sodicity, SAR - 0 to 1 in the surface; 0 to 4 in the underlying material
A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Rock fragments: total range is 15 to 35 percent
15 to 30 percent gravel
0 to 5 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 10 percent
Bk1 and Bk2 horizons
Value: 5 through 8 dry, 4 through 7 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist
Texture: loam or sandy loam; some pedons have texture of gravelly loam
Rock fragments: 5 to 15 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 40 percent
Bk3 and Bkq horizons
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 4 through 7 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Texture: sandy loam, loam, or coarse sandy loam; some pedons have texture of gravelly coarse sandy loam
Rock fragments: 5 to 15 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Other features: silica cementation is weak and discontinuous;
Upper BCk horizon
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Texture: gravelly loamy coarse sand, gravelly sandy loam, or sandy loam
Rock fragments: 5 to 20 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Other features: some pedons have buried horizons with texture of loam or fine sandy loam
Lower BCk horizon
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 through 6, dry or moist
Texture: gravelly coarse sandy loam, gravelly loamy coarse sand, or gravelly sandy loam
Rock fragments: total range is 15 to 35 percent
15 to 30 percent gravel
0 to 5 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 3 to 15 percent
Other features: some pedons have buried horizons with texture of loam, fine sandy loam, gravelly loam, or gravelly coarse sand; thin subhorizons have as much as 45 percent gravel
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Snilloc (T) and Sweatbee (T) series. Both these soils are more moist in the soil moisture control section in the spring and early summer months, and do not have significant amounts of medium to very coarse angular granitic sands and gravel. In addition, Sweatbee soils average more than 15 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tanoan soils are on shoulders and footslopes of eroded fan remnants. They formed in alluvium derived from Precambrian granite, gneiss, schist, and Quaternary loess; over residuum derived from basaltic tuff or granitic sandstone. Slopes are 5 to 15 percent. Elevation ranges from 6,400 to 7,500 feet. The mean annual precipitation is 13 to 15 inches with about 45 percent falling as rain from high-intensity convective thunderstorms between July and September. The mean annual air temperature is 47 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free period is 140 to 160 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alire, Encantado, and Nazario soils. Alire soils are fine-loamy, have argillic horizons, and occur on beveled summits of erosional fan remnants. Encantado soils are sandy-skeletal, contain less calcium carbonate, and occur on shoulders and backslopes of erosional fan remnants. Nazario soils are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal and occur on narrow beveled summits of erosional fan remnants.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; low surface runoff; permeability is moderately rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Tanoan soils are used for urban development, livestock grazing, and recreation. The historic climax vegetation is blue grama, black grama, galleta, ring muhly, and oneseed juniper. The ecological site is Juniperus monosperma-Pinus edulis/Fallugia parodoxa-Chrysothamnus nauseosus/Bouteloua hirsuta-Bouteloua gracilis(F036XB136NM)..
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Tanoan soils are of small extent on the southeastern Espanola Basin part of the Basin and Range province in northcentral New Mexico. The MLRA is 36.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Santa Fe County, New Mexico; Santa Fe Area Soil Survey Update; 2008. Tanoan is the name of a group of Pueblo Indians of New Mexico.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to a depth of 3 inches. (A horizon)
Calcic horizon - The zone from 7 to 32 inches. (Bk1, Bk2, and Bk3 horizons)
Particle-size control section - The zone from 10 to 40 inches (part of Bk2, Bk3, part of Bkq horizon)
Series control section - The zone from 0 to 60 inches.
Taxonomic version: Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006.