LOCATION TAPASHWASKU WA
Established Series
IRD JMB/KDPL/SBC
09/2019
TAPASHWASKU SERIES
Landscape--mountains
Landform--plateaus, benches
Slope--0 to 20 percent
Parent material--volcanic ash over loess and residuum derived from basalt
Mean annual precipitation--about 1000 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 5 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over loamy, mixed over isotic, frigid Alfic Vitrixerands
TYPICAL PEDON: Tapashwasku ashy sandy loam in an area of forestland, on a 2-percent, south-facing slope at an elevation of 1300 m (All textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi--0 to 5 cm; forest litter
A--5 to 10 cm; ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine, common medium, and few coarse roots; common fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 10.6; clear wavy boundary
BA--10 to 30 cm; ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine, common medium, and few coarse roots; common fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 10.0; gradual wavy boundary
Bw1--30 to 46 cm; ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and few medium and coarse roots; common fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 10.0; clear smooth boundary
Bw2--46 to 71 cm; ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and few medium and coarse roots; common fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 10.0; clear smooth boundary
2Bt1--71 to 89 cm; sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and few fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 9.8; clear smooth boundary
2Bt2--89 to 132 cm; gravelly sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; strong medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; common fine and few medium tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 30 percent gravel and 5 percent highly weathered basalt paragravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 9.8; clear smooth boundary
2Bt3--132 to 163 cm; paragravelly clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few medium roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent gravel and 20 percent highly weathered basalt paragravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 9.8
TYPE LOCATION: Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington, about 3 km northwest of Signal Peak Ranger Station; about 370 m south and 275 m west of the northeast corner of section 15, T. 9 N., R. 13 E.; latitude 46.2694782, longitude -121.1707986, datum WGS 84
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 50 cm--6 to 7 degrees C
Moisture control section--usually moist, but dry in all parts 45 to 60 consecutive days following summer solstice
Lower part of particle-size control section--argillic horizon; 15 to 30 percent clay; 0 to 35 percent hard rock fragments; as much as 80 percent weathered basalt fragments in some pedons
Reaction--5.6 to 6.5 throughout
Volcanic ash mantle
*Thickness--64 to 97 cm
*Moist bulk density--0.75 to 0.90 g/cm3
*Glass content--5 to 30 percent
*Acid oxalate aluminum plus one-half iron--2 to 3 percent
*15-bar water retention--5 to 12 percent (air-dried samples)
*Rock fragment content--0 to 20 percent
Oi horizon
Thickness--3 to 5 cm
A horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Chroma--2 to 5 dry or moist
Texture--ashy sandy loam, ashy loamy sand
Thickness--5 to 25 cm
BA horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Chroma--3 or 4 moist
Texture--ashy sandy loam, gravelly ashy sandy loam, ashy loamy sand
Thickness--15 to 23 cm
Bw horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Texture--ashy sandy loam, gravelly ashy sandy loam
Combined thickness--30 to 51 cm
2Bt horizon
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
Value--5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture of fine-earth fraction--sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam
Content of hard rock fragments--0 to 35 percent
Content of highly weathered basalt pararock fragments--0 to 40 percent above a depth of 100 cm; 0 to 80 percent below a depth of 100 cm
Combined thickness--76 to 97 cm
COMPETING SERIES: None
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--1075 to 1425 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation--760 to 1300 mm
Mean annual air temperature--3 to 6 degrees C
Frost-free season--50 to 80 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Fiscus--on plateaus and side slopes; ash mantle 36 to 76 cm thick; ashy-skeletal over loamy-skeletal particle-size class
Nank--on benches, plateaus, and side slopes; udic soil moisture regime; ash mantle 36 to 64 cm thick
Wanaishchit--on benches and side slopes; udic soil moisture regime
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, livestock grazing, watershed, wildlife habitat, recreation
Native vegetation--lodgepole pine, western larch, grand fir, sidebells pyrola, elk sedge, common prince's pine
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East slopes of Cascade Mountains in south-central Washington; MLRA 6; small extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington; 2014
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Ochric epipedon
*Cambic horizon--zone from 30 to 71 cm
*Andic soil properties--zone from 5 to 71 cm
*Argillic horizon--zone from 71 to 163 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 5 to 105 cm
Tap'ash is the Yakama word for pine tree, and wasku is the Yakama word for grass. The type location for this series is adjacent to Pinegrass Ridge on the Yakama Reservation. This series originally was named the Esel series.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.