LOCATION TELA                    TX

Established Series
RRS-RM-KBH
12/2016

TELA SERIES

The Tela Series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy alluvium. These nearly level, occasionally flooded soils occur along drainageways. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 559 mm (22 in) and mean annual air temperature is about 22 degrees C (72 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, hyperthermic Aridic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Tela sandy clay loam, on an east facing, linear, about 0.5 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of 154.0 meters (505 feet).
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A1--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 in); brown (10YR 5/3) sandy clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; few fine pores; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. Thickness is 15 to 35 cm (6 to 14 in)

Bt--23 to 41 cm (9 to 16 in); brown (10YR 5/3) sandy clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky and angular blocky structure; hard, friable; few fine pores; few patchy clay films on ped surfaces; very slight effervescence; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 10 to 28 cm (4 to 11 in)

Btk--41 to 81 cm (16 to 32 in); pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky and angular blocky structure; hard, friable; few fine pores; few patchy clay films; 4 percent films and threads of secondary carbonates; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. Thickness is 25 to 69 cm (10 to 27 in)

Bk--81 to 203 cm (32 to 80 in); pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; 2 percent soft masses of calcium carbonate; few rounded pebbles; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Jim Hogg County, Texas; from the intersection of Texas Highway 16 and Farm Road 649 in Randado; 14.2 miles south on Farm Road 649 to county road; 0.8 mile west on county road; 175 feet north of county road in rangeland.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Cuevitas SW, Texas;
Latitude: 26 degrees, 51 minutes, 46 seconds N;
Longitude: 98 degrees, 54 minutes, 38 seconds W.;
Datum: NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An aridic ustic moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is moist in some or all parts for less than 90 consecutive days in normal years.
Mean annual soil temperature: 22 to 23 degrees C (72 to 74 degrees F)
Solum thickness is more than 203 cm (80 in)
Depth to argillic: 15 to 35 cm (6 to 14 in)
Depth to identifiable secondary carbonates: 31 to 86 cm (12 to 34 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent

A Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: loam or sandy clay loam
Total clay content: 18 to 28 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 1 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent; rounded gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction (pH): neutral to slightly alkaline (6.6 - 7.8)

Bt Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Total clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 1 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent; rounded gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction (pH): neutral to slightly alkaline (6.6 - 7.8)

Btk Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 8
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Total clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 5 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent; rounded gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 15 percent
Effervescence: very slight to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4 - 8.4)

Bk Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 6 to 8
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Total clay content: 16 to 30 percent
Carbonate clay content: 2 to 8 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 10 percent; rounded gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 30 percent
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4 - 8.4)

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Salco series in the same family. Similar soils are the Alet, , Colmena, Czar, Escobas, Pernitas, Ramadero, Runge, and Weesatche series.
Salco soils: occur on higher upland positions that do not flood
Alet, Colmena, Czar, Pernitas, Runge, and Weesatche soils: have a typic-ustic soil moisture regime.
Escobas soils: have less than 18 percent clay content in the particle-size control section
Ramadero soils: have a mollic epipedon more than 50 cm (20 in) thick.
Pernitas, Runge, and Weesatche soils: have a calcic horizon and Pernitas soils are calcareous throughout.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy alluvium.
Landform: drainageways
Slope: 0 to 2 percent.
Precipitation pattern: June to August and December to February are the driest months, while September to November and March to May are the wettest months.
Mean annual precipitation: 457 to 635 mm (18 to 25 in).
Thornthwaite P-E index: 20 to 32.
Mean annual temperature: 21.1 to 22.8 degrees C (70 to 73 degrees F).
Frost-free period: 270 to 340 days.
Elevation: 54.9 to 289.6 m (180 to 950 ft).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include Brennan, Copita, Delmita, and Tiocano soils.
Brennan soils: do not have a mollic epipedon and occur on higher positions.
Copita soils: are 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in) deep to bedrock, are calcareous throughout, do not have argillic horizons, and occur on higher positions.
Delmita soils: are 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in) to a petrocalcic horizon and occur on higher positions
Tiocano soils: are in depressions and have intersecting slickensides.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is negligible. The soils are occasionally flooded when they receive runoff water from tropical storms once in 10 to 20 years of low velocity and short duration.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. A few areas are used for crop production of grain sorghum. Native vegetation is mostly a thick overstory of mesquite, whitebrush, huisache, a ground cover of trichloris, lovegrass tridens, plains bristlegrass, and hooded windmillgrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Rio Grande Plain, Texas; LRR I; MLRA 83B; moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jim Hogg County, Texas 1970.

REMARKS:
Edited 12/2016 (RFG-GWH): Added clay content, fragments, CCE, and effervescence to range in characteristics. Updated competing series, geographic setting, and associated soils sections.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 41 cm (0 to 16 in) (A horizon).
Argillic horizon: 23 to 81 cm (9 to 32 in) (Bt and Btk horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Particle-size analysis was performed at the local project office for 6 pedons from Duval County.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth edition, 2014.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.