LOCATION TENABO                  NV

Established Series
Rev. RAF-RLB-JBF
03/2016

TENABO SERIES

The Tenabo series consists of shallow to a duripan, well drained soils that are formed in a thin loess mantle high in volcanic ash over alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Tenabo soils are on fan piedmonts and plateaus. Slopes are 0 to 30 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 180 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 8 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic, shallow Typic Natridurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Tenabo cobbly very fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 8 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) cobbly very fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate thin platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, and few medium roots; many very fine and fine vesicular pores; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); 10 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 18 cm thick)

A2--8 to 18 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) very fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate thinplaty structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, few fine and coarse roots; few fine tubular and medium vesicular pores; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 20 cm thick)

2Btn1--18 to 25 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium prismatic structure; very hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few medium and coarse roots; few medium and fine tubular and interstitial pores; common faint clay films in pores, and as bridges between sand grains; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 10 cm thick)

2Btn2--25 to 33 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine prismatic structure; very hard, friable, moderately sticky and very plastic; common fine, few medium and coarse roots; few medium and fine tubular and interstitial pores; many faint clay films on peds and in pores; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 19 cm thick)

2Bqk--33 to 46 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, brittle; few fine, very fine, and medium roots; few medium and fine tubular and few very fine interstitial pores; few thin silica bridges between sand grains and common thin films in pores; nonefferscent matrix, but strongly effervescent where few fine distinct white (10YR 8/1) secondary carbonate masses occur; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 13 cm thick)

2Bqkm--46 to 66 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) indurated duripan, with continuous, horizontal less than 4 mm thick, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silica laminae, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm; few fine roots matted on laminae; common very fine interstitial pores between laminae; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (15 to 48 cm thick)

3C--66 to 101 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) gravelly sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; few fine and very fine tubular, and medium and fine interstitial pores; gravel and cobbles coated with secondary carbonates; 15 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6).

TYPE LOCATION: Eureka County, Nevada; about 6 miles south and west of Beowawe; approximately 1,320 feet west and 700 feet north of the southeast corner of section 13, T. 30 N., R. 49 E.; USGS The Geysers 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 40 degrees 33 minutes 18 seconds N and longitude 116 degrees 30 minutes 22 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.5550000 latitude, -116.5061111 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry; moist in winter and spring, dry late May through November; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 23 to 50 cm.
Other features: In areas subject to recharge with carbonate, effervescence is highly variable above the duripan. It ranges from noneffervescent at the surface to violently effervescent in the layer above the duripan.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 27 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: Less than 20 percent, when mixed.

A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.

2Btn horizons
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 through 6.
Texture: Clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam with thin strata of silt loam in some pedons.
Rock fragments: Less than 20 percent, mainly gravel. This may include some duripan fragments.
Structure: Weak or moderate fine or medium prismatic, angular blocky or subangular blocky.
Consistence: Slightly hard to very hard, dry.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline, usually increasing with depth.
Exchangeable sodium: 15 to 30 percent.
Carbonates: The lower subhorizons of some pedons are violently effervescent and contain segregated carbonate.

2Bqkm horizon
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 4 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Other features: Very hard to extremely hard continuous laminae stratified with strongly cemented materials.

3C horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Texture: Gravelly to extremely gravelly sand, loamy sand, or sandy loam.
Rock fragments: 15 to 85 percent, mainly gravel.
Reaction: Strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline.
Other features: Discontinuous silica and carbonate cemented lenses that are very hard and firm in some pedons.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tenabo soils are on fan piedmonts and plateaus. These soils formed in a thin loess mantle high in volcanic ash over alluvium derived from mixed rock sources. Slopes are 0 to 30 percent. Elevations are 1,280 to 1,710 meters. The climate is cool, semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 150 to 200 mm; mean annual temperature is 7 to 9 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 100 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Ricert, Triplen, and Whirlo soils. Ricert soils are fine-loamy and lack a duripan. Triplen soils have durinodes in a friable matrix and have a calcic horizon. Whirlo soils have a cambic horizon and lack durinodes.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; very slow, slow or medium runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The vegetation is mainly shadscale, bud sagebrush, cheatgrass, bottlebrush squirreltail and Sandberg bluegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Nevada. Tenabo soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 24.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lander County (Northern Part), Nevada. 1974.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A1 and A2 horizons).
Natric horizon - The zone from 18 to 33 cm (2Btn1 and 2Btn2 horizons).
Indurated duripan - The zone from 46 to 66 cm (2Bqkm horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 18 to 46 cm (2Btn1, 2Btn2, and 2Bqk horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.