LOCATION TIMMERMAN WA+IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Xeric Haplocambids
TYPICAL PEDON: Timmerman sandy loam - grassland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
Bw--5 to 19 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy loam; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary. (9 to 28 inches thick)
Bk1--19 to 28 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loamy coarse sand; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Bk2--28 to 60 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) coarse sand; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; very slightly effervescent, discontinuous; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4).
TYPE LOCATION: Franklin County, Washington; about 5 miles northwest of Pasco; about 2,210 feet east and 2,150 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 6, T.9 N., R.29 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 50 to 56 degrees F. These soils are moist in the winter and spring but are dry more than one half of the time the soil temperature exceeds 40 degrees F., about 105 to 130 consecutive days. The 10- to 40-inch control section averages loamy sand or sand. Depth to underlying coarse textured Bk horizon and depth to secondary carbonates is 13 to 30 inches.
The A or Ap horizon has value of 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist, and chroma of 1 through 3 dry or moist.
The Bw horizon has value of 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist, and chroma of 1 through 4 dry or moist. It is coarse sandy loam, fine sandy loam or sandy loam. It is neutral or slightly alkaline.
The Bk horizon has value of 3 through 7 dry, 2 through 5 moist, and chroma of 1 through 3 dry or moist. It is coarse sand or loamy coarse sand. Rock fragments range from 0 to 30 percent. This horizon is slightly to strongly alkaline. In some pedons, it contains subhorizons that are fine gravelly.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Davey and Fortbois (T) series. Davey soils are dominated by medium and finer sands in the particle-size control section and have a mean annual soil temperature of 47 to 53 degrees F. Fortbois series lack secondary carbonates (Bk horizons).
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Timmerman soils are on terraces and glacial outwash plains at elevations of 350 to 1,400 feet, 2,500 to 3,800 feet in Idaho. Slopes are 0 to 30 percent. The soils formed in glacial outwash and alluvium mixed with loess in the upper part. Timmerman soils are in an arid climate with hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters. The average annual precipitation is 6 to 9 inches. The average January temperature is 27 degrees F. The average July temperature is 77 degrees F. The average annual temperature is 49 to 53 degrees F. The frost-free season is 130 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Quincy and Winchester soils. These soils are sandy throughout the 10- to 40-inch control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; slow runoff; moderately rapid permeability in moderately coarse textured horizons and very rapid in coarse textured horizons.
USE AND VEGETATION: Irrigated cropland and range. Native vegetation is bluebunch wheatgrass, needleandthread, Sandberg bluegrass, and big sagebrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Washington and southern Idaho. Series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Franklin County, Washington, Pasco development farm, 1950.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are an ochric epipedon from the surface to 5 inches and a cambic horizon from 5 to 19 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: S61Wash 13-3(1=5) Riverside Lab Nos. 61278-61282, S61Wash 13-4(1-5) Riverside Lab Nos. 61283-61287, and S61Wash 13-5(1-6) Riverside Lab Nos. 61286-61293.