LOCATION TIMPIE UT+NVEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Typic Torriorthents
TYPICAL PEDON: Timpie silt loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 3 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak thin platy structure parting to weak very fine granular; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and few fine roots; many very fine vesicular pores; strongly effervescent (26 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); carbonates are disseminated; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
Bw1--3 to 7 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam; brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and few fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent (24 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); secondary calcium carbonates are disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 14 inches thick)
Bw2--7 to 21 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and few fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent (23 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); secondary calcium carbonates are disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 18 inches thick)
C--21 to 60 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; 28 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; carbonates are disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Tooele County, Utah; about 9 miles west of Timpie; 500 feet west and 2,580 feet south of the northeast corner section 10, T. 1 S., R. 9 W.; 40 degrees, 44 minutes and 10 seconds north latitude, 112 degrees, 50 minutes and 15 seconds west longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The particle-size control section ranges from 18 to 27 percent clay with less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser. The mean annual soil temperature is 49 to 54 degrees F., and the mean summer soil temperature is 69 to 72 degrees F. The soil is dry more than 75 percent of the time when the soil temperature is above 41 degrees F. They are moist for fewer than 10 days between July and October. Calcium carbonate equivalent is 15 to 40 percent.
The A horizon has value of 5 through 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist and chroma of 2 through 4, dry or moist. Reaction is moderately alkaline to very strongly alkaline. Electrical conductivity of the saturation extract is less than 8 millimhos/cm. Consistence is soft to hard, friable to very friable, slightly sticky to sticky, and slightly plastic to moderately plastic.
The Bw and C horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 6 or 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 through 4, dry or moist. It is silt loam or very fine sandy loam. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam. Reaction is strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline. Conductivity of the saturation extract is 4 to greater than 16 millimhos/cm. Consistence of the B horizon is soft to slightly hard, slightly sticky to sticky, and slightly plastic to moderately plastic. C horizon structure is massive or platy.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Blueagle(NV), Chumall(NV), Easychair(NV), Killpack, Littlehat(NM), Rosney(NV), Sagers (UT), Sain(T UT), Sondoa(NV), Swingler(NV) and Tocito(NM) series. Blueagle soils have granular structure, include silty clay loam textures in the control section and are moist in some part for more than 10 days between July and October. Chumall soils have relict mottles and are influenced by gypsum in the control section. Easychair soils have as much as 15 percent durinodes in the C horizon. Killpack and Littlehat soils have a paralithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Rosney soils have gypsum crystals at a depth of 16 to 42 inches and as much as 35 percent clay in the lower part of the control section. Sagers and Sain soils have 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Sondoa soils are stratified silt loam and silty clay loam, have more than 25 percent clay in the particle-size control section, and have large manganese oxide stains. Swingler soils are moderately well drained with relict mottles at a depth that ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Tocito soils have secondary gypsum in the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Timpie soils are on nearly level to gently sloping alluvial flats, lake terraces, fan remnants, inset fans and dissected lake plains at elevations of 4,200 to 6,400 feet. Slopes range from 0 to 4 percent. These soils formed in alluvium and lacustrine sediments derived dominantly from limestone and quartzite. In Nevada these soil formed in alluvium with a component of loess and volcanic ash. The climate is arid. Average annual precipitation is 5 to 8 inches. The mean annual air temperature is 47 to 52 degrees F., and the freeze-free period is 115 to 160 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Cliffdown, Izo, Skumpah, Tooele, and Yenrab soils. Cliffdown and Izo soils have more than 35 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section. Skumpah soils have a natric horizon with 27 to 35 percent clay. Tooele soils have sandy loam textures throughout the profile. Yenrab soils have loamy sand and sand textures throughout the profile.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; low to medium runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly as rangeland. Small areas are used for irrigated alfalfa and barley. Native vegetation is mainly shadscale, greasewood, bud sagebrush and bottlebrush squirreltail.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West Central Utah in Tooele, Juab, and Millard Counties and in northeastern Nevada. This series is extensive. MLRA 28A and 28B.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Tooele County (Tooele Area), Utah, 1990.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 3 inches. (A horizon)
Bw horizon - a zone of structural development with no evidence of either removal of carbonates or clay accumulation.
Particle-size control section - the zone from 10 to 40 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: National Soil Survey Laboratory data (S81UT-045-006) on typifying pedon.
The superactive cation exchange activity class was added in 03/2003 to the taxonomic classification by the National Soil Survey Center on request of the Reno MLRA office, without review of the soil series property data.