LOCATION TIPPER WYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Typic Torripsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Tipper loamy sand - native grassland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 5 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) loamy sand, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) moist; single grained; loose; few scattered pebbles and sandstone fragments; calcareous; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 6 inches thick)
C1--5 to 28 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) loamy sand, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; single grained; loose; few sandstone fragments; calcareous; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (14 to 36 inches thick)
IIC2--28 to 32 inches; soft, calcareous sandstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Fremont County, Wyoming; SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 12, T. 3N., R. 5E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Usually the soils are calcareous throughout, but they are leached for an inch or two in some pedons. Depth to the paralithic contact ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Content of organic carbon in the surface horizon ranges from .1 to .6 percent and decreases uniformly with depth. The control section ranges from sand to loamy fine sand. Rock fragments range from 0 to 15 percent, but are typically less than 5 percent and consist mainly of fine gravel or sandstone fragments. Mean annual soil temperature ranges from 47 degrees to 51 degrees F., and mean summer soil temperature ranges from 60 to 68 degrees F. The A horizon has hue of 2.5Y through 7.5YR, value of 6 or 7 dry, and 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 through 4. It is mildly to strongly alkaline (pH 7.8 to 8.6). This horizon is loose to soft. The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y through 7.5YR. It is moderately to strongly alkaline (pH 8.0 to 8.6) and contains from less than 1 to about 6 percent calcium carbonate equivalent. Visible accumulation of secondary carbonates occur at any depth but are not concentrated in a consistent horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Kawich, Quincy, Sheppard, Stumble, Tipperary, Winchester, and Yentab series. All of these soils lack a paralithic or lithic contact within 40 inches of the surface.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tipper soils are on gently to moderately sloping upland hills and ridges. Slope gradients typically range from 2 to 15. The soils formed in moderately thick, coarse textured, calcareous parent sediments derived in part from weathering of sedimentary rock and partly from eolian deposits overlying sedimentary rock. At the type location, the average annual precipitation is 7 inches with peak periods of precipitation during the spring and summer months. The mean annual temperature is 43 degrees F., the mean summer temperature is 66 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Tipperary soils and the Worland soils. Worland soils have coarse-loamy control sections.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well to somewhat excessively drained; slow runoff; rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used principally as native pastureland. Principal native plants are needle-and-thread, big sage, cactus, and blue grama.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Basin areas of central and northern Wyoming. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Fremont County (Riverton Irrigated Area), Wyoming, 1969.
OSED scanned by NSSQA. Last revised by state on 7/72.