LOCATION TOBINSPORT INEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Tobinsport silt loam on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 126.5 meters (415 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 inches thick)]
Bt1--23 to 30 cm (9 to 12 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) organo-clay films on faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 inches) thick]
Bt2--30 to 46 cm (12 to 18 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; few brown (10YR 4/3) organic coatings on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--46 to 68 cm (18 to 27 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 14 to 30 inches.)
2Bt4--68 to 84 cm (27 to 33 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loam (increase in very fine sand); moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
2Bt5--84 to 104 cm (33 to 41 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
2Bt6--104 to 132 cm (41 to 52 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very fine sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizons range from 25 to 102 cm (10 to 40 inches).]
3C&Bt1--132 to 152 cm (52 to 60 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loamy fine sand (C), and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam (Bt); weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
3C&Bt2--152 to 191 cm (60 to 75 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) loamy fine sand (C), and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam (Bt) (fine and medium); weak fine granular structure; very friable; few faint brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay bridging; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
3C&Bt3--191 to 203 cm (75 to 80 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) loamy fine sand (C), and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam (Bt) (fine and medium); weak fine granular structure; very friable; few faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay bridging; common fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese oxide stains; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Perry County, Indiana; about 1 mile northeast of Tobinsport; 1,475 feet west and 100 feet south of the northeast corner of section 32, T. 7 S., R. 2 W. USGS Cloverport, IN topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 52 minutes 0.2 seconds N. and long. 86 degrees 38 minutes 49.1 seconds W.; UTM Zone 16, 531052 easting and 4191081 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to a 3C&Bt horizon formed in sand: more than 102 cm (40 inches)
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 152 to more than 203 cm (60 to more than 80 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 24 to 30 percent clay and 6 to 15 percent fine and coarser sand
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: strongly acid or very strongly acid in unlimed areas, and ranges to neutral in limed areas
Bt and BE horizons:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam and contains 22 to 32 percent clay and 5 to 15 percent fine and coarser sand
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid in unlimed areas, and ranges to neutral in the upper part in limed areas
2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam, and averages 15 to 22 percent clay and 40 to 60 percent sand
Reaction: strongly acid or very strongly acid
3C&Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture:
Bt part (bands and lamallae): fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand or very fine sandy loam
C part: loamy very fine sand or loamy fine sand
Sand content: averages 65 to 85 percent and the combined total of fine sand and very fine sand averages from 65 to 80 percent
Reaction: strongly acid or very strongly acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bearthicket, Cidermill, Elk, Elkinsville, Olephant, Parke, Pike, Rickert, Wellrock and Wellston series. Bearthicket, Elk, Elkinsville, Olephant, Parke, Pike and Rickert soils average less than 65 percent fine and very fine sand in the lower part of the series control section. Cidermill soils have rock fragments in the series control section. Wellrock and Wellston soils have a paralithic or lithic contact in the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tobinsport soils are on summits, shoulders and backslopes of loess covered dunes on stream terraces. They formed in 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) of loess and the underlying loamy and sandy materials. Slopes are dominantly 0 to 4 percent, but range up to 45 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 11.1 to 13.9 degrees C (52 to 57 degrees F), and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 1016 to 1168 mm (40 to 46 inches). Frost-free days range from 170 to 200. Elevation ranges from 110 to 152 meters (360 to 500 feet) above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alford, Alvin, Bloomfield, and Princeton soils. The well drained, more silty Alford soils are on similar landform positions. The well drained Alvin and Princeton soils and the somewhat excessively drained, sandy Bloomfield soils are on similar landform positions.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high (4.23 to 14.11 micrometers/s) in the upper part of the solum and high or very high (42.34 to 141.14 micrometers/s) in the lower part. Permeability is moderate (0.6 to 2 inches per hour) in the upper part of the solum and rapid (6 to 20 inches per hour) in the lower part. The potential for surface water runoff is low to very high.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most nearly level and gently sloping areas are used for growing corn, soybeans, wheat, and hay. Most steep and very steep areas are used for woodland and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation is mixed, deciduous hardwood forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Indiana. The acreage is of small extent in MLRA 120B.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Perry County, Indiana, 1997. The series is named for a small town in the southern part of Perry County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic surface and subsurface horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1) Ochric epipedon- the zone from 0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 inches) - (Ap horizon);
2) Argillic horizon- the zone from 23 to 203 cm (9 to 80 inches) - (Bt1, Bt2, 2Bt3, 2Bt4, 2Bt5, Bt part of 3C/Bt horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Data on pedon number S93IN123-002 is at the NSSC, Lincoln, NE.