LOCATION TODDSPAN UTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Fluvaquentic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Toddspan loam, on a west facing, linear, 1 percent slope in grass meadow at an elevation of 6,460 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.) When described on November 12, 1996, the soil was moist to the surface. Water table was at 20 inches.
A1--0 to 4 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine granular structure, slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and common fine roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 7.2); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
A2--4 to 14 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and common fine roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; common fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron concentrations; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 24 inches thick)
A3--14 to 19 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and few fine roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; many fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; neutral (pH 7.2); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 24 inches thick)
2Bg1--19 to 24 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2) very cobbly clay loam, pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine and common fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; many fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) iron concentrations; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 20 inches thick)
2Bg2--24 to 32 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) very cobbly clay loam, light gray (2.5Y 7/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; many medium prominent dark greenish gray (5GY 4/1) iron depletions; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
2Cg1--32 to 37 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) extremely cobbly sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 40 percent gravel and 30 percent cobbles; common coarse prominent gray (N 5/0) iron depletions; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 20 inches thick)
2Cg2--37 to 44 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; 50 percent fine gravel and 20 percent cobbles; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
3C--44 to 60 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) extremely gravelly loamy sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 50 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4).
TYPE LOCATION: Summit County, Utah; about 1/2 mile west of Kamas; located about 1,300 feet west and 300 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 20, T. 2 S., R. 6 E; Kamas, Utah USGS quad; lat. 40 degrees 38 minutes 20 seconds N. and long. 111 degrees 17 minutes 05 seconds W., NAD 1927
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: Aquic
Mean annual soil temperature: 42 to 47 degrees F.
Mean summer soil temperature: 58 to 65 degrees F.
Depth to redox concentrations: 4 to 20 inches
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 12 to 24 inches
Depth to endosaturation (in normal years) - 10 to 20 inches in March through May
Surface rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent
Particle-size control section:
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content: 35 to 60 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2 moist and dry
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: Neutral or slightly alkaline
2Bg horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 5 moist, 5 or 7 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3 moist and dry
Texture: CBV-CL, CBV-L
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
2Cg horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR, 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 5 moist, 5 to 7 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3 moist and dry
Texture: very or extremely, gravelly or cobbly, loam or sandy clay loam
Rock fragments: 35 to 75 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
3C horizon:
Hue: 2.5 Y, 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 5 moist, 5 to 7 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3 moist and dry
Texture: very or extremely, gravelly or cobbly, loamy sand or sand
Rock Fragments: 35 to 75 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: There are currently no other series in this family. The Wanship series, in a closely related family, has sandy-skeletal material within 40 inches and has endosaturation below 20 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Alluvium derived from quartzite, sandstone and shale.
Landform: Flood plains.
Slopes: 0 to 3 percent
Elevation: 6,000 to 6,600 feet
Mean annual air temperature: 40 to 45 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 16 to 22 inches.
Wettest months: March through May
Driest months: July through September
Frost-free period: 60 to 90 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Kovich and Wanship series. Kovich soils occur on flood plains and are deep to very gravelly or cobbly layers. Wanship soils occur on flood plains and are somewhat poorly drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained, slow runoff, moderately slow permeability in the upper part and rapid in the lower part. These soils are frequently flooded for brief periods during the months of March through May.
USE AND VEGETATION: The major use is livestock grazing. The native plant community is sedges and rushes. In Utah this series is correlated with wet fresh meadow (sedge) ecological sites
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North Central Utah. LRR E, MLRA 47. This series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Summit County, Utah, 2000; Summit Area soil survey. The name is coined.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: from 0 to 19 inches. (A1, A2, and A3 horizons)
Endosaturation (in normal years): in the zone from 14 to 60 inches, inferred from redox features (A3, 2Bg1, 2Bg2, 2Cg1, 2Cg2, and 3C horizons)
Irregular decrease in organic carbon: inferred from landscape position and variation in texture throughout the pedon.
Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Eighth Edition, 1998
ADDITIONAL DATA: