LOCATION TOLIUS OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Vitrandic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Tolius loam - on a 1 percent slope at an elevation of 2600 feet; woodland. ( Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1-- 0 to 5 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky parting to weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary.(5 to 8 inches thick)
A2-- 5 to 11 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary.(6 to 10 inches thick)
A3-- 11 to 23 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic, common very fine, fine,and few medium roots, few medium; common very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary.(9 to 13 inches thick)
Bt1-- 23 to 35 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, and few medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on face of peds and lining pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary.( 10 to 15 inches thick)
Bt2-- 35 to 49 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure, slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; common fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on face of peds and lining pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary.(10 to 14 inches thick)
C-- 49 to 60 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and medium roots; common fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Jefferson County, Oregon: 650 feet east and 200 feet north of the SW corner of section 6, T.9 S., R.11 E. (Latitude 44 degrees, 48 minutes, 41 seconds N, Longitude 121 degrees, 28 minutes, 38 seconds W) Warm Springs Indian Reservation.
RANGE OF CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are usually moist, but are dry in the moisture control section for 60 to 90 consecutive days following the summer solstice. The mean annual soil temperature is 49 to 51 degrees F. The mollic epipedon is 20 to 30 inches thick and may include the upper part of the argillic horizon. The particle-size control section averages is 18 to 30 percent clay (estimated). Base saturation is 60 to 70 percent in some part of the upper 30 inches of the solum. The upper 20 to 30 inches has an estimated moist bulk density of 1.0 to 1.2 g/cc, volcanic glass content of 5 to 20 percent, and acid oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron of 0.4 to 1.0 percent. Depth to extremely gravelly or cobbly horizons is greater than 60 inches. In some pedons there is a weakly cemented duripan below 60 inches. It is slightly acid to neutral.
The A horizon has value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and dry. It contains 0 to 10 percent gravel. It has 2 to 3 percent organic matter.
The Bt horizon has value of 3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It is sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam. It has 18 to 30 percent clay and 0 to 15 percent gravel.
The C horizon has value of 4 or 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 3 to 6 moist and dry. It is loam or sandy loam and has 10 to 30 percent gravel and 0 to 15 percent cobbles.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Georgecreek, Glenrose, Loveness (T), Morical, and Teewee series. Georgecreek soils are 40 to 60 inches to weathered granitic bedrock. Glenrose soils have a mollic epipedon 10 to 20 inches thick and have a 2Bt horizon with hue of 10YR or 2.5Y. Loveness soils are dry for more than 90 consecutive days. Morical soils are 20 to 40 inches to granitic bedrock. Teewee soils are 40 to 60 inches to weathered andesite bedrock and have a mollic epipedon 10 to 20 inches thick.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tolius soils are on gently to moderately sloping outwash plains. The soil formed in glacial outwash with an influence of volcanic ash. Elevation is 2600 to 3000 feet. Slopes are 0 to 8 percent. The climate is characterized by cool and wet winters and hot and dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 16 to 20 inches. The mean annual temperature is 47 to 49 degrees F. The frost-free period is 90 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hehe, Kahneeta, Millcreek, Skooker, Teewee, and Tenwalter soils. Hehe soils are on adjacent mountain side slopes, moderately deep to andesite, and loamy-skeletal. Kahneeta soils are on adjacent patterned ground, clayey-skeletal, somewhat poorly drained, and deep to a duripan. Millcreek soils are moderately deep to a duripan and are on adjacent patterned ground. Skooker soils are on outwash plains, are loamy-skeletal, and 40 to 60 inches to highly fractured sandstone bedrock. Teewee soils are on adjacent mountain side slopes and are deep to andesite bedrock. Tenwalter soils are clayey-skeletal, shallow to a duripan, and are on adjacent patterned ground.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for timber production, watershed, and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation is ponderosa pine with an understory of Idaho fescue, tailcup lupine, arrowleaf balsamroot, and antelope bitterbrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Oregon; MLRA B6. The soils are nonextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jefferson County (Warm Springs Indian Reservation), Oregon, 1993.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include:
Mollic epipedon and Pachic feature - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of approximately 23 inches ( A1, A2, A3 horizons). Organic carbon is less than 0.6 percent from 23 to 49 inches.
Argillic horizon - the zone from 23 to 49 inches (Bt1, Bt2).
Vitrandic feature - the zone from 0 to 23 inches (A1, A2, and A3 horizons)
Ultic feature - base saturation is 67 percent at a depth of 23 to 35 inches (Bt1 horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Pedon was sampled for organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, extractable bases, pH, and base saturation. Sample #S89 OR 674002 by NSSL, Lincoln, NE. Sample depths: 23-35 inches.