LOCATION TOLLAND            CO
Established Series
Rev. MLP/JWB/AP
07/2010

TOLLAND SERIES


The Tolland consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in colluvium and slope alluvium from granite, schist and gneiss. Tolland soils are on mountain slopes and footslopes. Slopes are 9 to 80 percent. Elevation is 7,700 to 10,700 feet. Mean annual precipitation is about 22 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 38 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy-skeletal, micaceous Ustic Haplocryepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Tolland cobbly sandy loam, on a northwest facing, convex, 26 percent slope in a lodgepole pine-Rocky mountain Douglas-fir forest at an elevation of 8375 feet. (Colors are dry unless noted otherwise.) When described, pedon was moist from 0 to 17 inches, dry to 60 inches, August 1994.

The surface is covered by 2 percent stones and 15 percent cobbles.

Oi--0 to 1 inches; Slightly decomposed needles, twigs, bark and cones.

Oe--1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed needles, lichens, moss, twigs and bark

A--2 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) cobbly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few coarse and medium, common very fine and fine roots; common visible mica as fine and medium sand particles; 15 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, and 1 percent stone, slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)

BE--5 to 11 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) very gravelly coarse sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few coarse and medium, common fine and many very fine roots; common visible mica as fine and medium sand particles; 35 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 1 percent stone; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 14 inches thick)

C1--11 to 50 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) extremely gravelly loamy coarse sand , dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; single grained; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and very fine roots; common visible mica as fine and medium sand particles; 45 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 2 percent stones; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 40 inches thick)

C2--50 to 69 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) extremely cobbly loamy coarse sand, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; single grained; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt coatings on topsides of coarse fragments 0.5 to 1cm. thick; many fine and very fine roots; common visible mica as fine and medium sand particles; 40 percent gravel, 25 percent cobble and 5 percent stones; strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Clear Creek County, Colorado, Georgetown Soil Survey Area: about .75 miles southeast of Georgetown, Colorado, about 950 feet south and 450 feet west of the northeast corner of section 20, T. 4 S., R. 74 W. Latitude 39 degrees, 41 minutes, 32.9 seconds N, longitude 105 degrees, 41 minutes, 17.7 seconds W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: Udic bordering on ustic.
Mean annual soil temperature: 35 to 41 degrees F.
Mean annual summer soil temperature: 39 to 46 degrees F.
Depth to E horizon(s): 0 to 5 inches
Depth to paralithic contact: greater than 72 inches
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 2 to 7 percent
Sand content: 70 to 90 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 80 percent gravel, cobbles and stones

A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 through 4
Reaction: Slightly acid or moderately acid

BE or Bw horizon(s):
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy loam, coarse sandy loam modified by rock fragments
Clay content: 2 to 7 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

C horizon(s):
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Texture: loamy coarse sand modified by rock fragments
Clay content: 3 to 5 percent
Reaction: moderately to strongly acid

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Colluvium and slope alluvium derived from granite, schist, and gneiss
Landform: Mountain slopes, footslopes
Slopes: 9 to 80 percent slopes
Elevation: 7,700 to 10,700 feet
Mean annual temperature: 35 to 41 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 17 to 23 inches
Precipitation pattern: Wettest months: March, April, May and June; driest months: September and October
Frost-free period: 35 to 75 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Legault, Bendemeere(T), Mammoth, and Ohman series. The Legault soils are shallow to paralithic rock. Bendemeere(T) soils are very deep with lamellae making up 6 inches or more in the subsoil. Mammoth soils are very deep with lamellae making up less than 6 inches in the subsoil . Ohman soils are moderately deep to weathered bedrock.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained to somewhat excessively drained, rapid runoff and rapid permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Recreation, watershed and wildlife habitat. Primary vegetation is lodgepole pine, Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir with an understory of kinnikinnick, spike trisetum, elk sedge, blue wildrye and common juniper.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and northcentral mountains, Colorado; LRR E, MLRA 48A; moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clear Creek County, CO, Georgetown soil survey area, 2000.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Cambic horizon at 5 to 11 inches (BE)
Particle-size control section: The zone is from 10 to 40 inches.
Other features: Mica content, 15 to 30 percent mica by weight.
Taxonomic version: Eighth Edition, 1998

The mineralogy class was changed from paramicaceous to micaceous in 07/2010 by the National Soil Survey Center on request of the responsible MLRA regional office. The change was necessary based on the eleventh edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 2010.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.