LOCATION TOME NMEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, thermic Typic Torriorthents
TYPICAL PEDON: Tome very fine sandy loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 5 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak thin platy and weak very fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; many very fine and few fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
AC--5 to 14 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine and few fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 13 inches thick)
C1--14 to 23 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) light clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine and few fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent with few fine threads and spots of lime; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 16 inches thick)
C2--23 to 42 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; common fine distinct mottles of reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8), and strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent with few fine threads of lime; moderately alkaline; clear boundary. (6 to 34 inches thick)
C3--42 to 50 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; few fine distinct mottles of reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8), and strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
2Bb--50 to 70 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; massive; very hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine tubular pores; noncalcareous; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Valencia County, New Mexico; about 5 miles east of the Village of Tome; 1,280 feet east and 450 feet south of windmill on Tome Grant.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Typic aridic moisture regime
Mean annual soil temperature: 59 to 71 degrees F.
A horizon
Value: 4 through 6 dry or moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture: very fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
AC horizon
Value: 4 through 6 dry or moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture: loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent clay
C horizon
Value: 5 through 7 dry or moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture: very fine sandy loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam. Some pedons have fine sandy loam strata
Calcium carbonate in the C horizon is disseminated or occurs as few masses and threads
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 8 to 14 percent.
2Bb horizon is discontinuous. Where it is present, it is deeper than 30 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Largo (NM) series. Largo soils have hue of 7.5YR or 5YR.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Tome soils are on broad slightly concave alluvial fans and upland drainages. Slopes are dominantly 0 to 2 percent ranging to 5 percent. The soils formed in alluvial sediments derived primarily from limestone and silty shale. The climate is semiarid continental. At the type location the mean annual precipitation is about 8 to 10 inches with over 1/2 of the total falling in June through September. The mean annual temperature is about 57 degrees F. The Thornthwaite P-E Index is 14. The frost free season is 170 to 200 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Adelino, Agustin, Alamogordo, Arizo, Aztec, Emot, Largo, Ogral, Pajarito, Prelo, and Reeves soils. Adelino, Agustin, and Pajarito soils have a cambic horizon. Agustin, Arizo, and Pajarito soils have less than 18 percent clay in the control section. Armijo soils have more than 35 percent clay, have cracks 1 cm wide at a 20 inch depth, and have intersecting slickensides. Aztec, Alamogordo, and Reeves soils have a gypsic horizon, and Prelo soils have a cambic horizon. Emot and Aztec soils have more than 35 percent gravel in the control section. Largo, Prelo, and Ogral soils have dominant hue of 5YR or 2.5YR.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow through rapid runoff; moderately slow or slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used primarily for rangeland. Native vegetation is principally burrograss, fluffgrass, cacti, alkali sacaton, and chamiza.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and south, central New Mexico. This soil occurs in LRR-D, MLRA 42. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Valencia County (East Valencia Area), New Mexico, 1970.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from 0 to 5 inches (A horizon)
Entisol feature - The absence of diagnostic subsurface horizons
Classified according to Soil Taxonomy Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy Tenth Edition, 2006.