LOCATION TOONE                   UT

Established Series
Rev. EJ/JAC/KLS
09/2022

TOONE SERIES

The Toone series consists of deep, well drained soils that formed in material weathered mainly from diorite and conglomerate of sandstone and quartzite. These soils are on mountain slopes. The mean annual precipitation is about 690 mm and the mean annual air temperature is about 6 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, smectitic Pachic Palecryolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Toone loam, rangeland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)

Oi--0 to 5 cm; matted leaves and stems.

A1--5 to 23 cm; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) heavy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and medium roots; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear smooth boundary. (18 to 33 cm thick)

A2--23 to 41 cm; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) heavy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure that parts to moderate fine granular; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and medium roots; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear smooth boundary. (18 to 33 cm thick)

A3--41 to 74 cm; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) heavy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure that parts to moderate fine granular; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; 15 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual irregular boundary. (0 to 36 cm thick)

Bt1--74 to 99 cm; dusky red (2.5YR 3/2) very cobbly heavy clay loam, weak red (2.5YR 4/2) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine pores; common thin clay skins on faces of peds; 30 percent cobbles and 20 percent pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)

Bt2--99 to 157 cm; dusky red (2.5YR 3/2) gravelly clay loam, weak red (2.5YR 4/2) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; extremely hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine pores; common thin clay skins on faces of peds; 20 percent gravel and 20 percent pebbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4).

TYPE LOCATION: Morgan County, Utah; about 4 km southwest of Peterson; about 60 meters south and 150 meters east of the NW corner of sec. 14, T.14., R.2E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--6 to 7 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--14 to 15 degrees C
Thickness of mollic epipedon--53 to more than 150 cm
Combined thickness of A and Bt horizons--more than 150 cm
Clay content--35 to 45 percent in the upper 50 cm of Bt horizon
Rock fragment content--10 to 15 percent in the A horizon and 40 to 50 percent in the Bt horizon, consisting of sandstone and quartzite cobbles and gravel

A horizon(s)
Hue--10YR, 7.5YR or 5YR
Value--2 through 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--1 through 3 dry
Texture--loam in the upper part to loam or light clay loam in the lower part
Reaction--pH 6.1 to 7.3
Thickness--50 to 90 cm

Bt horizon(s)
Hue--7.5YR, 5YR or 2.5YR
Value--3 or 4 moist
Chroma--2 through 4, dry or moist
Texture--clay loam to light clay
Structure--weak through strong, medium to coarse subangular blocky
Clay films--common to continuous, thin or moderately thick
Rock fragment content--35 to 60 percent gravel and cobbles
Reaction--pH 6.1 to 7.3
Depth to bottom of horizon-greater than 150 cm

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Sligting series. Sligting soils have E horizons.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform--short, east-facing mountain slopes
Elevations--1775 to 2975 meters
Slope--40 to 60 percent
Parent material--colluvium and residuum weathered from conglomerate of sandstone and quartzite and small amounts of gneiss and schist
Climate--humid
Mean annual precipitation--510 to 760 mm
Mean annual air temperature--2 to 6 degrees C
Mean summer air temperature--12 to 13 degrees C
Frost-free period--30 to 70 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: None listed

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderately slow permeability

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for range, wildlife habitat and watershed. The present native vegetation is maple, oakbrush, mountain brome, anise, wild onion, yarrow, spotted beebalm and bluebells.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Toone soils are moderately extensive in northern and eastern Utah; MLRAs 47 and 48A

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Morgan County, Morgan Area, Utah, 1974

REMARKS: Converted to metric, updated formatting, and O horizons were updated to start at zero. Competing series section was not updated. 9/2022

Toone soils have a cryic temperature regime and a udic soil moisture regime.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.