LOCATION TORULL NYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, acid, frigid Lithic Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Torull silt loam, wooded in an area of Torull-Rock outcrop complex, 1 to 5 percent slopes (Colors are for moist soils.)
Oe-- 0 to 2 inches; black (5YR 2/1) mostly hemic material, moderate medium granular structure; very friable; many fine and common medium roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick.)
A-- 2 to 3 inches; very dark gray (5YR 3/1) silt loam; weak coarse granular structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; common medium vesicular pores; 5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 7 inches thick.)
Eg-- 3 to 9 inches; gray (5YR 5/1) sandy loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine and medium vesicular pores; few large tubular pores, some filling of pores with material from the A horizon; 5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick.)
Bg-- 9 to 18 inches, brown (7.5YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine vesicular and common fine and medium tubular pores; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and faint reddish brown (5YR 5/3) masses of iron accumulation; 5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid. (8 to 14 inches thick.)
R-- 18 inches, hard grayish brown sandstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Sullivan County, New York, Town of Liberty, 1500 feet south of Revonah Lake; 500 feet west o access road to Revonah Lake. Elevation 2060 feet AMS. USGS Liberty West, NY topographic quadrangle; Latitude 41 degrees, 49 minutes, 15 seconds N. and Longitude 74 degrees, 46 minutes, 15 seconds W. NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 10 to 20 inches. Depth to bedrock ranges from 10 to 20 inches. Rock fragments, mostly channers, range from 0 to 35 percent throughout the soil. Unless limed, reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the mineral soil.
The O horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR with value of 2.5 or 3 and chroma of 1, 2, or 3. The organic material is dominantly partially decomposed hemic material mostly from woody vegetation. Structure is weak or moderate fine or medium granular.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 3 through 5 and chroma of 1 through 3. It is silt loam or loam in the fine earth fraction. Structure is weak or moderate, fine through coarse, granular or subangular blocky and consistence is very friable or friable.
The E or Eg horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR value of 5 or 6 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam in the fine earth fraction. Structure is weak, medium through coarse, subangular blocky or thin through thick platy. Consistence is very friable or friable.
The B horizon has hue of 5YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 through 6 and chroma of 2 or 3 and has redoximorphic features. Horizons with chroma of 3 have chroma of 1 or 2 on ped faces. It is silt loam, loam, or fine sandy loam in the fine earth fraction. Structure is weak and moderate, fine through coarse subangular blocky, prismatic, or thin through thick platy. Consistence is friable or firm.
Some pedons have thin C horizons with colors and textures similar to the B horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family.
Ruse, Tor and Tuller are similar soils in related families. Ruse soils are higher in reaction and are over limestone. Tor soils are loamy-skeletal. Tuller soils have a mesic soil temperature regime.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Torull soils are nearly level and gently sloping landscapes. Slope ranges from 0 to 8 percent. These soils formed in acid till derived from sandstone, siltstone and shale. They are on bedrock controlled upland flats or benches and steps on mountain sides. Annual air temperature ranges from 40 to 49 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is about 50 inches and the growing season is 100 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Halcott, Hawksnest, Elka, Gretor, Lewbeach, Mongaup, Onteora, Rockrift, Suny, Vly and Willowemoc soils. Halcott and Hawksnest soils are better drained and on drier parts of the same landscapes. Elka, Lewbeach, Rockrift, and Willowemoc are very deep soils. Mongaup and Vly soils are better drained and moderately deep. Gretor soils are also moderately deep and are somewhat poorly drained. Onteora and Suny soils are on the same general landscape positions but are very deep to bedrock.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is low to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high to high in the mineral surface and moderately low to moderately high in the subsoil and substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly forested. Very little acreage has been cleared for agriculture. Native vegetation is mostly red maple, American beech, eastern hemlock, and white pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central-eastern New York State at higher elevations in the Catskill Mountains. MLRA 140. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sullivan County, New York 1984.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1. Cambic horizon - the zone from 9 to 18 inches (Bg horizon).
2. Lithic contact-bedrock at 18 inches.
3. Aquic moisture regime - a cambic horizon dominated by 2 chroma colors with high chroma redoximorphic features.