LOCATION TRAP FALLS MIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, nonacid, frigid Aeric Epiaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Trap Falls silt loam, on a nearly-level slope in a forested area at an elevation of 985 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed plant material; neutral: abrupt smooth boundary.
A--1 to 10 inches; very dark gray (5YR 3/1) clay loam, dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many very fine to coarse roots; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 18 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay loam; weak medium angular blocky structure; friable; many very fine to medium and few coarse roots; common, faint, reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common, fine, distinct, red (2.5YR 4/6) and red (2.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; common, very fine, prominent reddish gray (5YR 5/2) iron depletions; about 2 percent gravel; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--18 to 31 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay loam; weak medium angular blocky structure; friable; few very fine to medium roots; many, faint, reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common, fine, distinct, red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; common, medium, prominent, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) carbonate masses; about 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
2C--31 to 55 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) loam; moderate thick platy structure; firm; common fine roots; common discontinuous faint reddish brown (5YR4/4) clay films on all faces of peds; common, medium, prominent, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) carbonate masses; about 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
2Cd--55 to 80 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) gravelly fine sandy loam; massive; firm; about 30 percent gravel; very strongly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Ontonagon County, Michigan; about 1.5 miles northwest of the village of Rockland; 1500 feet north and 450 feet west of the southeast corner of Section 5, T50N, R39W, USGS Firesteel, MI, topographic quadrangle.; lat. 46 degrees 45 minutes 33 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 12 minutes 56 seconds W., NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates ranges from 20 to more than 60 inches. Gravel content ranges from 0 to 10 percent and cobbles range from 0 to 5 percent in the upper part the profile. Gravel content ranges from 0 to 30 percent and cobbles range from 0 to 10 percent in the substratum. Total coarse fragment content is below 35 percent in the substratum. Depth to densic contact is 40 to 60 inches. The upper part of the solum ranges from slightly acid to strongly alkaline. The lower part of the solum and substratum ranges from neutral to very strongly alkaline. Some pedons have sedimentary bedrock below 50 inches.
A horizon
Hue: 5YR, or 7.5YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam or fine sandy loam
Bt horizons
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silty clay loam, loam, or clay loam
C horizons
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silt loam, fine sandy loam or loam
COMPETING SERIES: These are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Trap Falls soils are on depressions on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. These soils formed in poorly-mixed basal till derived from local siltstone and sandstone bedrock. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 31 to 34 inches. The mean annual temperature ranges from 40 to 44 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Watton, Flintsteel, Gull Point, Big Iron, Loggerhead, and Belding soils. The well drained Watton, the moderately well drained Flintsteel, and the somewhat poorly drained Big Iron soils form a drainage sequence with Trap Falls and are on steeper or higher landscape positions. Poorly drained Gull Point soils are in drainageways. Moderately well drained Loggerhead and somewhat poorly drained Belding soils have coarser textured solums and are on higher landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Surface runoff is low. Permeability is moderate in the upper part of the solum, moderately slow in the lower part and slow to very slow in the substratum. These soils have a perched seasonal high water table from the surface to 0.5 feet below the surface from October to May with periods of ponding.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are forested. The major species are red maple, green ash, quaking aspen, yellow birch, white spruce, northern white cedar, speckled alder and balsam fir
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Upper Peninsula of Michigan, MLRA 92. This series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Ontonagon County, Michigan, 2006. The source of the name is Trap Falls in Ontonagon County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include:
ochric epipedon - 0 to 10 inches (Oi and A horizons)
densic contact - 31 inches
redoximorphic features - iron accumulations at 10 to 31inches and reduced iron at 10 to 18 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to lab sample S04MI-131-030 (E04MI131030) for Primary Characterization Data from NSSL, Lincoln, NE.