LOCATION TRESPASS CAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Vitrandic Argicryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Trespass gravelly ashy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with 25 percent gravel.
A--0 to 2 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) gravelly ashy loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and many fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; 20 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--2 to 12 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) very gravelly ashy sandy clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; common very fine tubular and interstitial pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 50 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Bt2--12 to 20 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very gravelly sandy clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; moderately sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, common fine, and common medium roots; common very fine tubular and interstitial pores; common faint clay films faces of peds and lining pores; 50 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Bt3--20 to 25 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sandy clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, common fine, and common medium roots; common very fine tubular and interstitial pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; common fine and medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist irregular masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 40 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Bt4--25 to 35 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sandy clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine, few fine, and few medium roots; common very fine tubular and interstitial pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; common fine and medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist irregular masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 40 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
C--35 to 54 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and few fine roots; common very fine tubular and interstitial pores; common fine and medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist irregular masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 55 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 20 inches thick)
Cg--54 to 60 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) extremely gravelly coarse sandy loam, gray (10YR 5/1) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 60 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Mono County, California; on the Toiyabe National Forest about 1 mile south of the Wheeler Guard Station on Wheeler Flat; approximately 700 feet north and 250 feet west of the southeast corner of section 27, T. 6 N., R. 23 E.; USGS Fales Hot Springs 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; 38 degrees 19 minutes 57.9 seconds north latitude and 119 degrees 25 minutes 48.0 seconds west longitude, NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - Usually moist in the moisture control section during fall, winter, and spring; dry from July through early October; Xeric moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature - 44 to 47 degrees F.
Mean summer soil temperature - 54 to 59 degrees F.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 20 to 40 inches; includes the Bt horizons.
Depth to base of argillic horizon - 20 to 40 inches.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 18 to 25 percent; Rock fragments: Averages 35 to 50 percent, mainly gravel. Lithology of fragments are granitic rocks such as granodiorite, volcanic rocks such as tuff or andesite, and minor metamorphic rocks such as quartzite.
A horizon - Chroma: 1 or 2, dry or moist.
Organic matter content: 3 to 5 percent.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
Volcanic glass content: 5 to 25 percent in the coarse silt through fine sand fractions.
Oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half oxalate iron: 0.2 to 0.4 percent.
Bt1 horizon - Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 or 2, dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly ashy sandy loam, very gravelly ashy loam, or very gravelly ashy sandy clay loam.
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent.
Organic matter content: 2 to 4 percent.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
Volcanic glass content: 5 to 25 percent in the coarse silt through fine sand fractions.
Oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half oxalate iron: 0.2 to 0.4 percent.
Bt2 horizon - Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 or 2, dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly sandy loam, very gravelly loam, or very gravelly sandy clay loam.
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent.
Organic matter content: 2 to 4 percent.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
Bt3 and Bt4 horizons - Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly loam or very gravelly sandy clay loam.
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent.
Organic matter content: 1 to 2 percent.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
C horizon - Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly loam or very gravelly sandy clay loam.
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
Cg horizon - Value: 6 or 7 dry, 5 or 6 moist.
Chroma: 1 or 2 dry or moist.
Texture: Extremely gravelly coarse sandy loam or extremely gravelly sandy loam.
Clay content: 12 to 20 percent.
Rock fragments: 60 to 80 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Edgway, Kiote, Rolldown, Sawfork, and Tusel series.
Edgway soils have mollic epipedons less than 15 inches thick, have 24 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section, and have a udic moisture regime. Kiote soils have mollic epipedons 16 to 24 inches thick and are not saturated within 20 to 60 inches of the soil surface. Rolldown soils have more than 60 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section and have mollic epipedons less than 16 inches thick. Sawfork soils are deep to paralithic contacts and have an ustic moisture regime. Tusel soils are deep to lithic contacts, have more than 50 percent rock fragments, and 25 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Trespass soils are on stream terraces. They formed in alluvium derived mainly from mixed igneous rocks such as granodiorite, tuff, and andesite, minor amounts of metamorphic rock such as quartzite, and surficial additions of eolian volcanic ash. The probable sources of the volcanic ash are the Mono Craters and Long Valley Caldera in eastern California. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. Elevations range from 7,000 to 9,000 feet. The climate is continental with cold, moist winters and cool, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 16 to 25 inches, the mean annual temperature is 40 to 44 degrees F., and the frost-free period is 40 to 70 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Lavaspring and Murain soils. Lavaspring soils are fine-loamy and have seasonal periods of aquic moisture regime. Murain soils do not have aquic conditions within the series control section, have more than 60 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section, and have a frigid temperature regime.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained; low surface runoff; moderately slow permeability (moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity). Endosaturation is present with an apparent seasonal high water table between 1.6 and 3.3 feet (moderately deep free water occurrence class) between March and July. Cumulative annual duration class is Common. These soils are susceptible to rare flooding for very brief periods between December and June.
USE AND VEGETATION: Trespass soils are used for rangeland, recreation, watershed, and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation is mainly silver sagebrush, rush, sedge, and muhly.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern California, on the east side of the Sierra Nevada Range. These soils are not extensive with about 350 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRA 22A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mono County (Toiyabe National Forest Area), California, 2006.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 35 inches (A, Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, and Bt4 horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 2 to 35 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, and Bt4 horizons).
Vitrandic intergrade feature - The zone from the soil surface to 12 inches (A and Bt1 horizons).
Aquic conditions - The conditions of endosaturation and reduction between 20 and 60 inches at certain times during normal years (Bt3, Bt4, C, and Cg horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 2 to 22 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons and part of the Bt3 horizon).