LOCATION TYLER OH+KY MD PA VA WVEstablished Series
The Tyler series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in silty alluvium and in a mantle of loess on high Illinoian age terraces and valley fills. Permeability is moderately slow above the fragipan, slow or very slow in the fragipan, and moderately slow in the substratum. Slope ranges from 0 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 40 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 55 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Fragiaquults
TYPICAL PEDON: Tyler silt loam, on a convex, 1 percent slope (nearly level) in a pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).
Ap--0 to 9 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; few medium and common fine roots; few fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions throughout; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick).
E--9 to 14 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) silt loam; weak medium platy structure; friable; few medium and fine roots; common fine distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; common fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation on faces of peds; many fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
Btg--14 to 18 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common faint grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay films in pores and on faces of peds; many medium distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) masses of iron accumulation on faces of peds; many fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions throughout; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 12 inches thick)
Btx1--18 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; very firm, brittle; few fine roots on faces of prisms; common distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; many medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) clay depletions on faces of prisms; many fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Btx2--23 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak very thick platy; very firm, brittle; few fine roots on faces of prisms; many distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay films on faces of prisms; many medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; many fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions throughout; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
2Btx3--34 to 46 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silty clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure; very firm, brittle; many distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on faces of prisms; many medium prominent grayish brown (10YR5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; many fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions throughout; 2 percent rounded fine and medium sandstone gravel; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
2Btx4--46 to 59 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) silty clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure; very firm, brittle; many distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on faces of prisms; many medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; many fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese oxide accumulation on faces of peds;many fine black (10YR 2/1) manganese concretions throughout; 12 percent rounded sandstone rocks; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btx and 2Btx horizons is 24 to 58 inches.)
2C--59 to 80 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) stratified silty clay loam and silt loam; massive; firm; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Ross County, Ohio; about 2 miles northwest of Alma; in Huntington Township; 2100 feet west and 600 feet north of the intersection of CR. 167 (Blain Highway) and TR. 181
(Prussia Road). USGS Summit Hill, OH topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 11 minutes 43 seconds N., and long. 83 degrees 00 minutes 27 seconds W.; NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 40 to 80 inches. Depth to the top of the fragipan is from 15 to 36 inches. Depth to the top of the argillic is from 8 to 16 inches. Percent of gravel is 0 to 2 for the A and Bt or Btg horizons, 0 to 15 for the Btx, 2Btx, BC or 2BC and 2C horizons.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y; value of 4 to 6 (6 or 7 dry), and chroma of 1 to 3. Some pedons have a thin A horizon that has value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is
silt loam. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to extremely acid.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is silt loam. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to extremely acid.
The Btg or Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid or extremely acid.
The Btx or 2Btx horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y; value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam or silty clay loam. Reaction ranges from
strongly acid to extremely acid.
The BC or 2BC horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y; value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to extremely acid.
The C or 2C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is silt loam, loam or silty clay loam with thin strata whose textures range from loamy sand to clay or their gravelly analogs. Reaction ranges from strongly acid or very strongly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in this family.
Other series in related families are Brinkerton, Calcutta, Doles, Dubois, Johnsburg, and Robertsville. Calcutta soils are formed in loess underlain by glacial outwash. Johnsburg soils are better drained. Brinkerton, Doles, Dubois, and Robertsville soils have higher base saturation.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tyler soils formed in silty alluvium and a mantle of loess on high Illinoian age terraces or dissected valley fill in depressions. Slope gradients range from 0 to
8 percent. Climate is humid and temperate. Mean annual precipitation ranges from about 36 to 45 inches, and mean annual air temperature ranges from about 50 to 59 degrees F. Frost free days range from 145 to 181 days, and elevation ranges from 600 to 800 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Allegheny,
Captina,
Ernest,
Purdy, and
Tygart soils. Allegheny soils are on nearby loamy and gravelly outwash terraces. Captina soils are
moderately well drained and typically are on higher topographic positions or on more sloping areas. Ernest soils are on foot slopes and benches on uplands and formed in loamy colluvium.
Purdy and Tygart soils lack a fragipan. Purdy soils are in lower landscape positions Tygart soils are in similar landscapes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to medium. Permeability is moderately slow above the fragipan and slow or very slow in the fragipan and moderately slow in the substratum. In undisturbed areas the depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 0.5 to 2.0 feet from November through May in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated. Principal crops are forages for hay and pasture, corn, soybeans and wheat. Some areas are in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed deciduous
hardwood forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Ohio, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Maryland and Pennsylvania. The series is of moderate extent in MLRA's 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 140 and
147.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Middlebourne Area, West Virginia. 1907.
REMARKS: The type location is at an elevation of approximately 770 feet. Additional information for this description was collected when Ross County, Ohio was updated. This description was acquired within 20 yards of RO-82.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon-from a depth of 0 to 14 inches. (Ap and E horizons) Argillic horizon-from a depth of 14 to 59 inches.(Btg, Btx1, Btx2, 2Btx3, 2Btx4 horizons) Fragipan feature-from a depth of 18 to 59 inches. (Btx1, Btx2, 2Btx3, 2Btx4 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data are available for RO-82 from the Soil Characterization Laboratory at Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.