LOCATION UPPERSODA               OR

Tentative Series
DRJ/KMS
01/2017

UPPERSODA SERIES

Landscape--western Cascade Mountains
Landform--glacially influenced structural benches
Slope--0 to 30 percent
Parent material--colluvium derived from hard extrusive igneous rock mixed with till and volcanic ash throughout
Mean annual precipitation--about 2100 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 7 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--udic
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial, amorphic, frigid Humic Udivitrands

TYPICAL PEDON: Uppersoda gravelly medial loam on a forested, 45-percent slope at an elevation of 1145 m

Oi--0 to 5 cm; slightly decomposed plant material; abrupt wavy boundary

A--5 to 15 cm; gravelly medial loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; weak medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, fine, and medium, common coarse, and few very coarse roots; many very fine, fine, and medium irregular pores and common coarse and very coarse tubular pores; 20 percent andesite gravel and 1 percent andesite cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear wavy boundary

AB--15 to 38 cm; gravelly medial loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, fine, and medium, common coarse, and few very coarse roots; many very fine, fine, and medium dendritic tubular and irregular pores and common coarse and very coarse tubular pores; 30 percent andesite gravel and 1 percent andesite cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.4); clear wavy boundary

Bw1--38 to 81 cm; gravelly medial loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) dry, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine, medium, and coarse and common very fine and very coarse roots; many very fine, fine, and medium dendritic tubular and irregular pores and common coarse and very coarse tubular pores; 25 percent andesite gravel, 5 percent andesite cobbles, and 1 percent andesite stones; moderately acid (pH 5.6); gradual wavy boundary

Bw2--81 to 150 cm; gravelly medial loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) dry, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common medium and few very fine, fine, coarse, and very coarse roots; few very fine, fine, medium, coarse, and very coarse tubular pores; 30 percent andesite gravel, 3 percent andesite cobbles, and 1 percent andesite stones; moderately acid (pH 5.7)

TYPE LOCATION: Linn County, Oregon; about 47 km east of Sweet Home and 6 km southwest of the junction of Forest Service Road 15 and OR Highway 20; 500 m north and 360 m west of the southeast corner of section 15, T. 14 S., R. 5 E.; latitude 44.3498333, longitude -122.1920556, datum WGS 84 (coordinates determined with a GPS)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Dry days--less than 45 consecutive days following summer solstice
Mean annual soil temperature--5 to 7 degrees C
Thickness of umbric epipedon--25 to 100 cm (below mineral soil surface)
Thickness of andic soil properties--greater than 200 cm (below mineral soil surface)

Estimated properties of layers with andic soil properties
*1/3-bar bulk density--0.6 to 0.9 g/cm3
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al + Fe--2 to 4 percent
*Phosphate retention--greater than 85 percent
*15-bar water retention--less than 30 percent (undried samples), 12 to 15 percent (dried samples)
*0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--greater than 30 percent
*Volcanic glass content in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--5 to 30 percent

Particle-size control section
*Clay content--10 to 18 percent
*Rock fragment content--15 to 40 percent total, weighted average less than 35 percent

O horizon
*Thickness--1 to 10 cm

A horizon
*Hue--7.5YR, 10YR
*Value--2 to 3 moist, 3 to 5 dry
*Chroma--2 or 3 moist or dry
*Clay content--10 to 18 percent
*Sand content--35 to 50 percent
*Total fragment content--15 to 35 percent
*Gravel content--15 to 35 percent
*Cobble content--0 to 10 percent
*Stone content--0 to 5 percent
*Reaction--4.5 to 5.5
*Thickness--10 to 36 cm

A2 horizon (where present) and AB horizon
*Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
*Value--3 or 4 moist, 3 to 5 dry
*Chroma--2 to 4 moist, 3 to 6 dry
*Fine-earth texture--medial sandy loam, medial loam
*Clay content--10 to 18 percent
*Sand content--35 to 60 percent
*Total fragment content--10 to 35 percent
*Gravel content--10 to 35 percent
*Cobble content--0 to 10 percent
*Stone content--0 to 5 percent
*Reaction--5.1 to 6.0
*Thickness--20 to 30 cm

Bw horizon
*Hue--10YR, 7.5YR
*Value--3 to 5 moist, 4 to 6 dry
*Chroma--3 to 6 moist, 4 to 6 dry
*Fine-earth texture--medial sandy loam, medial loam
*Clay content--10 to 18 percent
*Sand content--35 to 60 percent
*Total fragment content--10 to 40 percent
*Gravel content--10 to 35 percent
*Cobble content--0 to 25 percent
*Stone content--0 to 10 percent
*Boulder content--0 to 10 percent
*Reaction--5.1 to 6.0
*Thickness--50 to 100 cm

BC horizon, and C horizon (where present)
*Hue--2.5Y, 10YR, 7.5YR
*Value--4 to 6 moist or dry
*Chroma--3 to 6 moist, 4 to 6 dry
*Fine-earth texture--medial sandy loam, medial loam
*Clay content--10 to 18 percent
*Sand content--35 to 60 percent
*Total fragment content--20 to 60 percent
*Gravel content--10 to 35 percent
*Cobble content--5 to 25 percent
*Stone content--0 to 10 percent
*Boulder content--0 to 10 percent
*Reaction--5.1 to 6.0

COMPETING SERIES: None

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--700 to 1100 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, wet winters
Mean annual precipitation--1900 to 2300 mm
Mean annual air temperature--6 to 8 degrees C
Frost-free period--90 to 120 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Fernview--greater than 35 percent rock fragments; interspersed with Uppersoda soils, commonly in more convex positions

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturation in normal years--none in profile
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--watershed, recreation, wildlife habitat, timber production
Potential natural vegetation--Douglas-fir, western hemlock, Pacific rhododendron, Cascade Oregon grape, salal, white-veined pyrola, red huckleberry, snow raspberry, twinflower

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central western Cascade Mountains, Oregon; MLRA 3; small extent

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES PROPOSED: Willamette National Forest, Linn County, Oregon; name from Upper Soda, in Willamette National Forest

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Particle-size control section--zone from 5 to 105 cm
*Umbric epipedon--zone from 5 to 38 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 38 to 150 cm
*Andic soil properties--zone from 5 to 150 cm
*Volcanic glass--zone from 5 to 150 cm

06/2016--Assumed to meet criteria 2 (no ash required) for andic soil properties, in the 12th edition of Keys to Soil Taxonomy. It is also assumed that enough ash is present for the soils to meet criteria 3. Additional lab data is needed to confirm the degree of ash influence.

Dense till was observed between depths of 100 and 150 cm in some areas of Uppersoda soils in the Willamette National Forest.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Type location user site ID--2013OR043007

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.