LOCATION UTSALADY                WA

Established Series
EED/BAL/MPR
07/2017

UTSALADY SERIES

The Utsalady series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in sandy glacial outwash. Utsalady soils are on broad flat summits and toeslopes. Slopes range from 0 to 30 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 830 millimeters and the mean annual temperature is about 10 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Isotic, mesic Oxyaquic Xeropsamments

TYPICAL PEDON: Utsalady loamy sand, on an east facing 11 percent slope. When described August 13, 2008, the soil was dry throughout. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted).

Oi--0 to 3 centimeters; slightly decomposed needles, leaves, and twigs.

E--3 to 5 centimeters; loamy sand, gray (2.5Y 6/1), light gray (2.5Y 7/1) dry; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; moderately acid (pH 5.6); abrupt irregular boundary. (0 to 10 centimeters thick)

Bw1--5 to 38 centimeters; loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6), yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and common fine roots; common fine irregular and tubular pores; moderately acid (pH 5.7); gradual wavy boundary.

Bw2--38 to 79 centimeters; gravelly loamy sand, olive brown (2.5Y 4/4), light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine roots; common very fine irregular and few fine interstitial pores; 15 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.7); abrupt boundary.

Bw3--79 to 107 centimeters; loamy sand, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2), grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and medium roots; common fine irregular pores;) dry; moderately acid (pH 5.7); abrupt wavy boundary. (combined thickness of Bw horizons is 25 to 100 centimeters thick)

C--107 to 127 centimeters; sand, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few medium roots; few very fine interstitial pores; moderately acid (pH 6.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (45 to 100 centimeters thick)

Cg1--127 to 140 centimeters; loamy sand, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine irregular pores; very few fine faint brown (10YR 4/3) iron-manganese concentrations, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, very few fine prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/1) iron depletions, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; moderately acid (pH 6.0); abrupt wavy boundary.

Cg2--140 to 152 centimeters; sand, variegated; very few fine brown (10YR 4/3) iron-manganese masses, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, very few fine light gray (2.5Y 7/1) iron depletions, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine interstitial pores; moderately acid (pH 6.0)

TYPE LOCATION: Island County, Washington; 652 meters west and 613 meters south of the northeast corner of section 9, T. 29 N., R. 5 W. Willamette Baseline Meridian; USGS Langley SE, Washington quadrangle; latitude 48 degrees, 10 minutes, 34 seconds N and longitude 122 degrees, 40 minutes, 44 seconds W. NAD83

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depths to diagnostic horizons and features start from the mineral soil surface.
Mean annual soil temperature - 10 to 11 degrees C.
Moisture control section - dry 60 to 75 days following the summer solstice
Depth to redoximorphic features - 75 to 100 cm

Reaction: slightly to moderately acid throughout
Particle size control section:
Clay content - 1 to 5 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 35 percent gravel, 0 to 5 percent cobbles, and 0 to 35 percent total

E horizons
Hue 2.5Y or 10YR
Value 6 or 7, dry or moist
Chroma 1 or 2 dry or moist
Texture loamy sand or sandy loam
Rock fragments 0 to 35 percent gravel, 0 to 5 percent cobbles, and 0 to 35 percent total

Bw horizons
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y
Value - 3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry
Chroma - 4 or 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry
Texture - LS or S
Rock fragments - 0 to 35 percent gravel, 0 to 5 percent cobbles, and 0 to 35 percent total

C horizon
Value 4 or 5 moist, 5 through 7 dry
Chroma - 2, 3 or 4 moist or dry
Texture - S or LS
Rock fragments - 0 to 35 percent gravel

Cg horizon
Value - 4 or 5 moist, 5 through 7 dry
Chroma - 2, 3 or 4 moist or dry
Texture - S or LS
Rock fragments - 0 to 35 percent gravel
Redoximorphic features: very few to common, fine or medium, soft iron-manganese masses

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Utsalady soils are on broad flat summits and toeslopes of narrow ridges with elevations from 10 to 100 meters. They formed in sandy glacial outwash. These soils are in a mild marine climate with cool, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Mean annual precipitation is 625 to 1,150 millimeters. Mean annual air temperature is about 10 degrees C. Frost-free season is 200 to 240 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Elwha, Uselessbay, Indianola, and Sholander soils. Elwha soils are coarse-loamy and occur on convex slopes on summits at higher elevations above 100 meters and have a densic contact at 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep). Indianola soils occur on convex hill slopes and terraces and lack redoximorphic features. Uselessbay soils are on convex slopes on summits and ridges and are 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a densic contact. Sholander soils are in concave positions and have redoximorphic features beginning at 18 to 46 cm (somewhat poorly drained).

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; Saturated hydraulic conductivity is very high or high throughout. Utsalady soils may have an apparent water table as high as 75 centimeters from December to March.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for livestock grazing, forage crop production, timber production, and homesites. Potential natural vegetation consists of western hemlock, Douglas-fir, western redcedar, bigleaf maple, swordfern, red huckleberry, evergreen huckleberry, salal, oceanspray and trailing blackberry.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Washington; MLRA 2, North. Series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Island County, Washington, proposed 2009. The name is from a town on Camano Island

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Albic horizon the zone from 3 to 5 cm (E horizon)
Ochric epipedon
Particle size control section - the zone from 25 to 100 cm (within the Bw1, Bw2, and Bw3 horizons)
Depth to redoximorphic features - 79 cm (top of the Bg horizon)
Oxyaquic subgroup 79 cm to faint redox concentrations, assumed saturated for 30 or more cumulative days

This Utsalady series is being proposed for a low relief, striated glacial landscape that occurs in southern Island County and northern Kitsap County. In the Kitsap County Soil Survey the Ragnar series was mapped on similar landforms. Ragnar is similar but coarse loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal and lacks redoximorphic features and saturation. The Utsalady series concept has potential to replace Ragnar in areas of Kitsap County. Investigation is needed to determine if the Ragnar series concept may be better suited for the eastern margin of the Puget lowlands (parts of King, Pierce, and Snohomish Counties)

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.