LOCATION VIDAURI TX

Established Series
WJG-JKW-JAG
05/2014

VIDAURI SERIES

The Vidauri series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly to poorly drained soils that formed in fluviomarine deposits of Early Pleistocene age. These nearly level soils are open depressions or weakly defined drainageways on the coastal plain. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 864 mm (34 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 21.1 degrees C (70 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, hyperthermic Aquic Haplustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Vidauri fine sandy loam, on a 0.3 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of 40 m (132 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A1--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and 20 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and 20 percent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist; massive; firm, very hard; common fine roots and many very fine roots; common very fine to medium tubular pores; 1 percent fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries on faces of peds; 1 percent fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries lining pores; Electrical Conductivity is 0.25; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is 1; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (13 to 46 cm [5 to 18 in])

A2--10 to 23 cm (4 to 9 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist; weak very coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm, very hard; common very fine roots; common very fine to medium tubular pores; 30 percent faint prominent very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent fine distinct spherical brown (7.5YR 4/4) iron-manganese masses with clear boundaries on faces of peds; 1 percent fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries on faces of peds; Electrical Conductivity is 0.42 ; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is 1; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1--23 to 48 cm (9 to 19 in); gray (10YR 5/1) clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1), moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; very firm, very hard; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 10 percent faint prominent very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) clay films on all faces of peds; 10 percent faint prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay films on all faces of peds; 2 percent fine faint brown (10YR 4/3) masses of iron-manganese with clear boundaries on faces of peds; Electrical Conductivity is 0.22; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is 3; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--48 to 81 cm (19 to 32 in); dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) sandy clay loam, dark gray (2.5Y 4/1), moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; firm, hard; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 10 percent distinct very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) clay films on all faces of peds; 15 percent distinct dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) clay films on all faces of peds; 2 percent fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron-manganese with clear boundaries on faces of peds; 2 percent fine distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) masses of iron-manganese with clear boundaries on faces of peds; Electrical Conductivity is 0.35; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is 4; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Btg--81 to 104 cm (32 to 41 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), moist; moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse angular blocky; firm, hard; common very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 20 percent distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 20 percent distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 2 percent fine faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron-manganese with clear boundaries on faces of peds; 1 percent insect casts; Electrical Conductivity is 0.23; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is 8; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 38 to 94 cm [15 to 37 in])

Btkg--104 to 124 cm (41 to 49 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm, hard; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 20 percent distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent fine white (2.5Y 8/1) nodules of calcium carbonate; 1 percent medium and coarse white (2.5Y 8/1) masses of calcium carbonate; 1 percent fine prominent black (7.5YR 2.5/1) masses of iron-manganese with sharp boundaries on faces of peds; 2 percent fine prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron-manganese with clear boundaries on faces of peds; Electrical Conductivity is 0.38; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is 7; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (20 to 114 cm [8 to 45 in] thick)

Btkng1--124 to 150 cm (49 to 59 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay, light gray (2.5Y 7/2), moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; firm, hard; few very fine roots; 20 percent distinct light gray (2.5Y 7/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent fine white (2.5Y 8/1) nodules of calcium carbonate; 1 percent medium and coarse white (5Y 8/1) masses of calcium carbonate; 2 percent fine prominent dendritic black (7.5YR 2.5/1) masses of iron-manganese with sharp boundaries on faces of peds; 5 percent fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on vertical faces of peds; Electrical Conductivity is 0.41; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is 12; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btkn horizons is 15 to 79 cm [6 to 31 in])

Btkng2--150 to 203 cm (59 to 80 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay loam, light gray (2.5Y 7/2), moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, hard; 15 percent distinct light gray (2.5Y 7/2) clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent fine and medium white (2.5Y 8/1) nodules of calcium carbonate; 1 percent medium and coarse white (5Y 8/1) masses of calcium carbonate; 3 percent fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix; 10 percent medium and coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries on vertical faces of peds; Electrical Conductivity is 0.38; Sodium Adsorption Ratio is 20; strongly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Goliad County, Texas; from the intersection of U.S. Highway 183 and Texas Highway 239 south of Goliad; 8.2 miles southeast on Texas Highway 239 to gate on south side of road; 3.1 miles south on ranch road to gate; 0.2 mile west along fence; 100 ft south of fence in rangeland. Live Oak Lake topographic quadrangle; Latitude: 28 degrees, 33 minutes, 27.5 seconds N; Longitude: 97 degrees, 16 minutes, 47.5 seconds W, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Moisture: An ustic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 in). These soils remain dry in the soil moisture control section for more than 90 cumulative days. The dry period occurs during the late winter and early spring months. These soils are moist during the fall and winter months.

Mean annual soil temperature: 22.2 to 22.8 degrees C (72 to 73 degrees F)
Depth to argillic horizon: 8 to 20 cm (3 to 8 in)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 71 to 119 cm (28 to 47 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 30 to 35 percent
CEC/clay ratio: 0.40 to 0.50

A horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 12 to 20 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-2 to 4 percent, color- shades of brown
Iron Depletions: amount-0 to 2 percent, color-shades of gray
Electrical Conductivity: 0 to 1
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 2
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

Bt horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, or sandy clay
Clay content: 30 to 40 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-2 to 12 percent, color- shades of brown or yellow
Iron depletions: amount-0 to 8 percent, color-shades of gray
Electrical Conductivity: 0 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 4
Reaction: moderately acid or slightly acid

Btg horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 25 to 33 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-2 to 12 percent, color- shades of brown or yellow
Iron depletions: amount-0 to 8 percent, color-shades of gray
Electrical Conductivity: 0.1 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 2 to 10
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral

Btkg horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 25 to 33 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-2 to 12 percent, color- shades of brown or yellow
Iron depletions: amount-0 to 8 percent, color-shades of gray
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-1 to 5, size-fine or medium, kind-nodules or masses
Electrical Conductivity: 0.2 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 4 to 12
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Btkng horizons (where present)
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, or sandy clay
Clay content: 25 to 36 percent
Masses of oxidized iron: amount-2 to 12 percent, color- shades of brown or yellow
Iron depletions: amount-0 to 8 percent, color-shades of gray
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-1 to 5, size-fine or medium, kind-nodules or masses
Electrical Conductivity: 0.2 to 4
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 12 to 25
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Lozano (TX) and Lyford (TX) series in the same family. Similar soils are the Delfina (TX), Solvay (KS), and Vashti (TX) series.
Lozano and Lyford soils: have an argillic horizon with hue redder than 10YR
Delfina soils: are moderately well drained and has a surface layer color value of 3 and argillic horizon color hue of 7.5YR
Solvay soils: have a superactive CEC/clay class and a mesic soil temperature regime
Vashti soils: have a superactive CEC/clay class; a siliceous mineralogy; and thermic soil temperature regime

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: fluviomarine deposits of early Pleistocene age
Landscape: coastal plains
Landform: open depressions or weakly defined drainageways
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Mean annual air temperature: 20.6 to 22.8 degrees C (69 to 73 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 838 to 991 mm (33 to 39 in)
Precipitation pattern: Precipitation falls mostly during the months of May to October. The driest period is from November to April.
Frost-free period: 270 to 300 days
Elevation: 30.5 to 76 m (100 to 250 feet)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 40 to 46

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Greta (T), Inari (T), Orelia, and Wyick series.
Greta soils: have a higher sodium adsorption ratio in the upper argillic horizon and are on flats.
Inari soils: have a mollic epipedon and are on abandoned meander scrolls.
Orelia soils: have a mollic epipedon and are on flats.
Wyick soils: are moderately well drained and are on flats.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly to poorly drained. Permeability is very slow or slow. Runoff is negligible. These soils remain saturated from 30 to 122 cm (12 to 48 in) from the surface during the late summer and fall months in normal years. Aquic conditions occur from about 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 in) from the surface for short periods during the fall and winter months.

USE AND VEGETATION: The major land use is livestock grazing. A few areas are used for pastureland. The native plant community for these prairie soils include grasses such as little bluestem, Indiangrass, brownseed paspalum, longtom, dropseeds, bristlegrasses, windmillgrasses, and annual grasses. A few widely scattered, small mesquite and huisache trees have encroached in some areas. (Ecological site name: Claypan Prairie 28-44" PZ; Ecological site number: R150AY528TX)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Gulf Coast Prairies (MLRA 150A in LRR T) on the coastal plain of Texas from the tributaries of the San Antonio River to the Mission River; moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Refugio County, Texas; 1984. The name Vidauri comes from a community in Refugio County.

REMARKS: The soils were formerly included in the Edna series. The series type location was changed from Refugio County to Goliad County during the update of Refugio County and the initial soil survey of Goliad County. The series family was changed 9/2007 from fine to fine-loamy with support from laboratory data (S01TX-175-002) from the type location in Goliad County and study across the series province. Soil moisture monitoring indicated aquic conditions occur below 50 cm from the surface. The gleyed colors in the Btg, Btkg, and Btnkg are considered relic and may have occurred during a wetter period.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Particle size control section: 10 to 60 cm (4 to 24 in). (Bt1, Bt2, and Btg1 horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in). (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 10 to 203 in. (4 to 80 in) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, Btk, Btnk1, Btnk2 horizons)
Natric horizon: 124 to 203 cm (49 to 80 in). (Btnk1 and Btnk2 horizons)
Episaturation: The zone of saturation at 23 to 104 cm (9 to 41 in). (Bt2, Btg1, and Btg2 horizons)
Aquic conditions: 81 to 104 cm (32 to 41 in) from December to March in normal years

Additional Comments:
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by laboratory data number S01TX-175-002 from Goliad County, Texas.

ADDITIONAL DATA: National Soil Survey Laboratory data on pedon ID number S01TX-175-002 from the series type location in Goliad County, TX.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.