LOCATION VENICE CA

Established Series
Rev. PGN-WBS-ET
05/2016

VENICE SERIES

The Venice series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils formed in moderately decomposed organic material from hydrophytic plants and alluvium. Venice soils are in fresh water marshes and river channels. Slope is than 2 percent. The annual precipitation is about 457 millimeters (15 inches) and the annual temperature is about 15.5 degrees C (60 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Euic, thermic Typic Haplohemists

TYPICAL PEDON: Venice muck - on a south facing slope of less than l percent slope that is cultivated at 2.7 meters (9 feet) below sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Oap--0 to 30 centimeters (0 to 12 inches); black (10YR 2/1) muck, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; less than 5 percent tule and reed fibers before rubbing and none when rubbed; moderate medium and coarse granular structure; nonsticky and nonplastic; strongly acid (pH 5.5); abrupt wavy boundary. (25 to 41 centimeters (10 to 16 inches) thick)

Oe1-- 30 to 81 centimeters (12 to 32 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) mucky peat, dark brown (10YR 3/3) rubbed, black (N 2/0) dry; 60 percent tule and reed fibers before rubbing, 25 percent when rubbed; massive; nonsticky and nonplastic; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (25 to 56 centimeters (10 to 22 inches) thick)

Oe2-- 81 to 152 centimeters (32 to 60 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) mucky peat, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) rubbed, black (N 2/0) dry; 40 percent tule and reed fibers before rubbing, 18 percent when rubbed; massive; nonsticky and nonplastic; very strongly acid (pH 5.0).

TYPE LOCATION: San Joaquin County, California, Northwest portions of Venice Island. 38 degrees, 4 minutes, 51 seconds north latitude and 121 degrees, 33 minutes, 15 seconds west longitude in an unsectionized area. Bouldin Island quad.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean Annual Soil Temperature: 17 degrees C (63 degrees F).

Control section-
Thickness: 139 centimeters (51 inches)
Electrical conductivity: less than 15 decisiemens per centimeter
Organic matter: 35 to 75 percent by weight with the combustion method and is more than 45 percent below the Oap layer
Fibers: 30 to 65 percent before rubbing and 16 to 35 percent after rubbing. Individual fibers are mostly yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) after rubbing.

The Oap horizon:
Hue: 10YR or N moist and dry
Value: 3 dry, 2 moist (values may decrease one unit on exposure to air)
Chroma: 0, 1, or 2 dry and moist
Organic matter: 35 to 55 percent (sapric), the mineral part being clayey
Fibers: 2 to 20 percent fibers before rubbing and less than 10 percent after rubbing
Textures of the fine earth: sandy loam or silt loam with a mucky modifier or muck.
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral (in calcium chloride)

The Oe horizon:
Hue: 10YR 5YR or N moist unrubbed, 10YR 2.5Y, 5YR or N moist rubbed, and 10YR 5YR or N dry
Value: 2 or 2.5 moist unrubbed, 3 moist rubbed, 2 or 2.5 dry, (values may decrease one unit on exposure to air)
Chroma: 0 or 2 moist unrubbed; 0, 2 or 3 moist rubbed and 0, 2 or 3 dry rubbed
Organic matter: 35 to 55 percent (sapric), the mineral part being clayey
Fibers: 45 to 75 percent organic matter with 35 to 70 percent (hemic) before rubbing and 15 to 35 percent fibers after rubbing
Reaction: very strongly or slightly acid (in calcium chloride)

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series at this time.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Venice soils are in fresh water marshes and river channels and have slopes of less than 2 percent. The soils formed from hydrophytic plant remains mostly from tules, reeds and mixed mineral alluvium. The soils are in islands protected by levees at elevations of 0 to 6 meters (0 to 20 feet) below sea level. The climate is subhumid with hot dry summers and cool moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 356 to 406 millimeters (14 to 16 inches). Mean January temperature is about 7 degrees C (45 degrees F); mean July temperature is about 24 degrees C (75 degrees F); mean annual temperature is about 15 degrees C (60 degrees F). Frost-free season ranges from 250 to 300 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Kingile, Rindge, Ryde and Valdez soils. Kingile and Rindge soils are on similar topography. Ryde soils are on flood plains and Valdez soils are on old river channels. Kingile soils have continuous mineral soil material at depths of less than 91 centimeters (36 inches). Rindge soils have less than 16 percent rubbed fibers dominating the control section. Ryde and Valdez soils are mineral soils.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained; very slow runoff; rapid permeability. The water table is controlled by open drains and pumps. The water table is usually kept at a depth of 91 to 122 centimeters (36 to 48 inches) during the growing season (April through October) and at or near the surface at some time during the rest of the year.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used for cropland to grow specialty crops, vegetable, field crops and small grains. Native vegetation on uncultivated areas is sedges and tules.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Islands of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California. The soils are of small extent in MLRA-16.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, 1935.

REMARKS: The classification was updated in February 2001 using the Eighth Edition to Soil Taxonomy. This series was formerly classified as Euic, thermic Typic Medihemists. Competing series were checked in 2016 - ET.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Histic epipedon - 0 to 30 centimeters (0 to 12 inches) (Oap)
Sapric and hemic material dominates the series control section (0 to 139 centimeters, 0 to 51 inches)

ADDITIONAL DATA: This soil was laboratory sampled as 72C0093 (S1972CA077010) and 14N0998 (S2014CA077003).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.