LOCATION VICKING                 UT+ID

Established Series
Rev. TER/RJL/JWB
04/2011

VICKING SERIES

The Vicking series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium, colluvium and residuum from andesite, dacite, basalt, tuff, sandstone, quartzite and shale. Vicking soils occur on fan remnants, foothills and mountain slopes and have slopes of 1 to 60 percent. The average annual precipitation is about 19 inches (483 mm) and the mean annual temperature is about 40 degrees F (4.4 degrees C).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Calcic Argixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Vicking loam--rangeland. (Colors are for air-dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A1--0 to 3 inches (0 to 8 cm); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; common fine and medium tubular pores; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches (8 to 23 cm) thick)

A2--3 to 8 inches (8 to 20 cm); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches (0 to 15 cm) thick)

Bt1--8 to 13 inches (20 to 33 cm); brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine roots; few fine and medium pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; neutral (pH 7.2); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 7 inches (10 to 18 cm) thick)

Bt2--13 to 20 inches (33 to 51 cm); brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; extremely hard, firm, moderately sticky and very plastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine tubular pores; many faint clay films on faces of peds; neutral (pH 7.2); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches (0 to 25 cm) thick)

Btk1--20 to 25 inches (51 to 64 cm); pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 14 inches (0 to 35 cm) thick)

Btk2--25 to 33 inches (64 to 84 cm); pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; very few faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches (0 to 25 cm) thick)

Bk1--33 to 47 inches (84 to 119 cm); pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; massive; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots to 36 inches (91 cm); few fine tubular pores; violently effervescent; carbonates are mainly disseminated, but some in veins and flecks; strongly alkaline; (pH 9.0); clear smooth boundary. (13 to 24 inches (33 to 60 cm) thick)

Bk2--47 to 60 inches (119 to 152 cm); pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; massive; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine tubular pores; violently effervescent; carbonates are mainly disseminated, but some in veins and flecks; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0).

TYPE LOCATION: Sevier County, Utah, 3 miles north of Mud Lake on Mountain Ranch; 500 feet east and 2,180 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 35, T. 22 S., R. 3 E.; USGS Yogo Creek 7.5 minute quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 50 minutes 58 seconds N. and long. 111 degrees 32 minutes 58 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture: Moist in winter and spring and continuously dry in all parts for 60 to 90 consecutive days during summer and fall.
Mean annual soil temperature: 38 to 47 degrees F (3.5 to 8 degrees C)
Depth to carbonates: 9 to 24 inches (23 to 60 cm)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches (25 to 50 cm)

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent gravel

A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: of 2 or 3
Rock fragments: 0 to 60 percent
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline

Bt horizons:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture: Clay loam, loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent gravel
Structure: Moderate to strong, subangular blocky to prismatic structure
Clay films: Faint to distinct, common to continuous clay films
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline

Btk horizons:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture: Clay loam, loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent gravel
Structure: Moderate to strong, subangular blocky to prismatic structure
Clay films: Faint to distinct, common to continuous clay films
Carbonate content: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction: moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline

Bk horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 4 through 7 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture: Loam, clay loam, silt loam, gravelly loam, or gravelly clay loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent
Carbonate content: 15 to 40 percent
Reaction: Moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bess (UT), Border(T ID), Cedarpoint (UT), Chesnimnus(T OR), Fewkes (UT), Justesen (UT), Mccarey (ID), Pegram (T ID), Pinehollow (ID), Redpine (ID) and Vickton (T ID) series.
Bess soils are periodically moist in the upper part in the late summer and have 15 to 40 percent carbonate in the Btk horizon.
Border soils have mollic epipedons that are less than 10 inches (25 cm) thick.
Cedarpoint soils are derived from dominantly quartzite and limestone.
Chesnimnus soils are influenced by volcanic ash in the upper part of the mollic epipedon and lack hue as red as 7.5YR.
Fewkes soils are dry in all parts of the moisture control section for 45 to 60 consecutive days during summer and fall.
Justesen and Pegram soils are 24 or more inches (61 cm) deep to carbonates.
Mccarey and Pinehollow soils have bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches (50 to 100 cm).
Redpine soils have weathered bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches (50 to 100 cm).
Vickton soils have a Bt horizon 3 to 10 inches (8 to 25 cm) thick.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Vicking soils are at elevations of 5,300 to 7,850 feet (1,615 to 2,390 m). They occur on fan remnants, foothills and mountain slopes. Slope gradients are 1 to 60 percent. These soils formed in residuum, alluvium and colluvium principally from andesite, dacite, basalt, and tuff with minor amounts of sandstone and shale. The climate is subhumid and the average annual precipitation ranges from 12 to 25 inches (305 to 635 mm), although ranges of 12 to 16 inches (305 to 406 mm) are most typical. The mean annual temperature is 36 to 44 degrees F (2.2 to 6.7 degrees C). , The freeze-free period ranges from 50 to 100 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Acord, Cloud Rim, Hades, Gridge, Isbell and Yeates Hollow soils. Acord and Yeates Hollow soils have more than 35 percent rock fragments and more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Cloud Rim, Hades and Isbell soils lack a horizon of carbonate accumulation. Gridge soils have a lithic contact less than 20 inches (50 cm).

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium or high runoff; slow or moderately slow permeability; moderately low to moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used principally as rangeland for livestock and wildlife. The principal native vegetation is big sagebrush, yellowbrush, bitterbrush, pinyon, juniper, bluebunch wheatgrass, and oak brush. These soils are correlated to Upland ecological sites in Utah.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Utah and southern Idaho. This series is of moderate extent. MLRA 13 and 47.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rich County, Utah, 1980.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: The zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of approximately 13 inches (330 cm). (A1, A2, Bt1 horizons)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 8 to 33 inches (20 to 84 cm). (Bt, Bt2, Btk1, Btk2 horizons)

Calcic horizon: The zone from 33 to 60 inches (84 to 152 cm). (Bk1, Bk2 horizons)

Taxonomic Version: Eleventh Edition, 2010.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.