LOCATION WADAMS                  WA

Established Series
Rev. CDL/JJR/KH
01/2011

WADAMS SERIES

The Wadams series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in volcanic ash and pumice over coarse ablation till. These soils are on glaciated foothills and low mountains. Slopes are 0 to 60 percent. The mean precipitation is about 16 inches and the mean annual air temperature is about 47 degrees.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, glassy over mixed, mesic Typic Vitrixerands

TYPICAL PEDON: Wadams ashy sandy loam, extremely stony. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

Oi--0 to 1 inch; slighty decomposed mat of litter composed of residues from grass and shrubs.

A--1 to 5 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) ashy sandy loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many roots; common medium pores; 3 percent surface stones, 2 percent gravel, 3 percent pumice larger than 2 mm; neutral (pH 6.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)

Bw1--5 to 24 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) ashy sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many roots; common medium pores; 1 percent stones and cobbles, 2 percent gravel, 8 percent pumice paragravel; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (14 to 20 inches thick)

Bw2--24 to 32 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) paragravelly ashy sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common roots; common medium pores; 5 percent gravel, 15 percent pumice paragravel; neutral (pH 6.9); clear smooth boundary. (7 to 9 inches thick)

2C1--32 to 45 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) cobbly loamy sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common roots; few medium pores; 5 percent gravel, 20 percent pumice paragravel; 5 percent stones and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (12 to 14 inches thick)

2C2--45 to 61 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) very stony loamy sand, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few roots; 15 percent gravel, 10 percent pumice paragravel; 10 percent stones and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.0).

TYPE LOCATION: Okanogan County, Washington; Azwell Quadrangle; 430 feet west and 120 feet south of the NE corner of the NE1/4 SE1/4 SE1/4 section 30, T.29N., R.23E.; Latitude 47 degrees, 58 minutes, 44 seconds North and Longitude 120 degrees, 0 minutes, 2 seconds West NAD83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual temperature is 47 to 54 degrees F. The upper part of the control section is dominated by volcanic ash and pumice and is thickness is 24 to 36 inches thick. The ashy-glassy portion of the particle-size control section has an estimated moist bulk density of 0.65 to 0.85 g/cc, volcanic glass content of 30 to 60 percent including 10 to 40 percent pumice 2mm to 10mm in diameter paragravel, acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half of the acid-oxalate extractable iron of 0.4 to 1.0 percent and 15-bar water retention of 5 to 12 percent for air dried samples. It contains 5 to 35 percent pumice paragravel 2mm to 10mm in diameter. Rock fragments range from 5 to 35 percent.

A horizon:
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 or 2 moist or dry.

Bw horizon:
Value: 5or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 moist or dry.
Texture: ashy sandy loam to ashy fine sandy loam,
Structure: weak subangular blocky or prismatic.

2C horizons:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y hue.
Texture: cobbly loamy sand, cobbly fine sandy loam, or very stony loamy sand.

COMPETING SERIES: There is no competing series

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wadams soils are on foothills low mountains. The soils formed in volcanic ash and pumice deposited over coarse ablation till. Slopes range from 0 to 60 percent. Elevations are 1,500 to 3,500 feet. The climate is characterized by a continental climate. The mean annual precipitation is 15 to 18 inches and the mean annual air temperature is around 47 degrees F. The frost free period is 120 to 150 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Wadams soils are associated with the Conconully and Kartar soils. Conconully soils have a mollic epipedon. Kartar formed in glacial outwash and are on glacial terraces.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; permeability is moderate; runoff is medium.

USE AND VEGETATION: Range, timber, hay and pasture. Native vegetation is open stands of ponderosa pine, bluebunch wheatgrass, Idaho fescue, and bitterbrush.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North central Washington. The series is inextensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Okanogan County, Washington, 1972.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features
Andic soil properties from 1 to 32 inches
Ochric epipedon
Cambic horizon- from 5 to 32 inches

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.