LOCATION WANDURN NMEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Wandurn extremely cobbly loam--on the backslope of a mountain sloping 56 percent to the south-southeast (160 degrees) at 8,006 feet elevation-pinyon-juniper forestland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described on August 28, 2001, the soil was dry 0 to 20 inches and slightly moist from 20 inches to the lithic contact at 47 inches.) Surface is covered with 30 percent gravel, 45 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones. A one-half inch thick layer of pinyon and/or pine needles exists in some areas.
A--0 to 3 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) extremely cobbly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few fine and many very fine roots; common very fine irregularly shaped pores; 25 percent gravel, 40 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 4 inches thick)
Bt1--3 to 11 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very cobbly sandy clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few medium, few fine, and common very fine roots; few fine and common very fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 30 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 11 inches thick)
Bt2--11 to 20 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very cobbly sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few coarse, few medium, common fine, and few very fine roots; few fine and few very fine tubular pores; few distinct and common faint clay films on faces of peds; 25 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 13 inches thick)
Bt3--20 to 30 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few medium, few fine, and few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds and on rock fragments; 35 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual wavy boundary. (7 to 14 inches thick)
Bt4--30 to 40 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; few prominent and common distinct clay films on faces of peds and on rock fragments; 70 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
Bt5--40 to 47 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few medium, few fine, and few very fine roots; few prominent and few distinct clay films on faces of peds and on rock fragments; 80 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
R--47 to 57 inches; indurated monzonite bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Santa Fe County, New Mexico; about 5.25 miles south of Madrid; USGS Golden 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; Latitude 35 degrees 19 minutes 48.8 seconds North and Longitude 106 degrees 09 minutes 51.3 seconds West, NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - The soil moisture control section is moist in all parts during the 60 days following the winter solstice. It is moist in some part less than 40 percent and moist in all parts less than 25 percent of the time when the soil temperature at 20 inches is above 41 degrees F. The soils are driest in May and June. The soil moisture regime is ustic bordering on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature - 49 to 52 degrees F.
Thickness of mollic epipedon - 10 to 16 inches
Organic matter content - 2 to 4 percent in the mollic epipedon
Depth to base of argillic horizon - 42 to 53 inches
Depth to the lithic contact - 40 to 60 inches
Lithology of rock fragments: monzonite
Particle-size control section (weighted averages)
Silicate clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Sand content: 40 to 60 percent
Fine sand or coarser content: 30 to 50 percent;
Rock fragment content: 35 to 60 percent
Other features: A thin paralithic layer (less than 10 inches thick) is in some pedons.
A horizon
Value: 3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Clay content: 10 to 22 percent
Rock fragments: total range is 60 to 80 percent
20 to 30 percent gravel
35 to 45 percent cobbles
5 to 10 percent stones
0 to 2 percent boulders
Bt1 horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Texture: very cobbly sandy clay loam, very cobbly clay loam, cobbly clay loam, or very gravelly sandy clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: total range is 25 to 50 percent
10 to 30 percent gravel
10 to 20 percent cobbles
Bt2 horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist
Texture: very cobbly sandy clay loam, very cobbly clay loam, or very gravelly sandy clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: total range is 35 to 60 percent
15 to 30 percent gravel
20 to 35 percent cobbles
lower Bt horizons
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: very cobbly sandy clay loam, very cobbly clay loam, extremely cobbly sandy clay loam, very gravelly sandy clay loam, or extremely gravelly sandy clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: total range is 45 to 90 percent
35 to 80 percent gravel
10 to 35 percent cobbles
Btk horizon (present in some pedons)
Calcium carbonate equivalent: less than 6 percent
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Golondrina,
Irock,
Jumbopeak,
Ligai,
Majada,
Mokiak,
Montoso,
Murdo,
Nederland,
Purcella,
Romine,
Salas,
Wheelerwell, and
Willowman series.
Golondrina soils are in an ustic aridic moisture regime.
Irock soils are less than 42 inches to the base of the argillic horizon and appear to have a fragmental layer above the lithic contact.
Jumbopeak soils are moderately deep with an ustic aridic moisture regime.
Ligai soils are moderately deep to bedrock.
Majada soils have rock fragments of basalt and have cinders.
Mokiak soils are moderately deep to bedrock.
Montoso soils have cinders in the parent materials.
Murdo soils have sola 10 to 20 inches thick over horizons of strongly contrasting sands and gravel.
Nederland soils have hue redder than 7.5YR.
Purcella soils have calcic horizons within 40 inches.
Salas soils are moderately deep.
Romine soils do not have a lithic contact within 60 inches.
Wheelerwell soils are moderately deep.
Willowman soils are less than 42 inches to the base of the argillic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wandurn soils are on south-facing backslopes of mountains and north-facing backslopes of high hills. They formed in colluvium and slope alluvium derived from Tertiary age igneous intrusive monzonite. Slopes are 30 to 75 percent. Elevation ranges from 6,100 to 8,300 feet. The mean annual precipitation is 13 to 16 inches with about 40 percent falling as rain from high-intensity convective thunderstorms between July and September. The mean annual air temperature is 47 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free period is 130 to 150 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alchonzo, Cochiti, and Puertecito soils. Alchonzo soils are moderately deep, do not have argillic horizons, and occur on north-facing backslopes of mountains. Cochiti soils are very deep, do not have a mollic epipedon, and occur on alluvial fans. Puertecito soils are shallow, do not have a mollic epipedon, and occur on south-facing backslopes of high hills.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; high runoff; permeability is moderately slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Wandurn soils are used for fuelwood production, limited livestock grazing, and recreation. The historic climax vegetation is muttongrass, sideoats grama, wolftail, Gamble's oak, oneseed juniper, and twoneedle pinyon. The ecological site is Pinus edulis-Juniperus monosperma/Quercus gamblei/Bouteloua gracilis(F036XB134NM).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Wandurn soils are of small extent on the Sandia Uplift part of the Mexican Highlands section of the Basin and Range physiographic province in northcentral New Mexico. The MLRA is 36.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Santa Fe County, New Mexico; Santa Fe Area Soil Survey Update; 2008. Wandurn is a coined name.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to a depth of about 11 inches. (A and Bt1 horizons)
Argillic horizon - The zone from 3 to about 47 inches. (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, and Bt5 horizons)
Lithic contact - The presence of indurated monzonite bedrock at 47 inches. (R layer)
Particle-size-control section - The zone from 3 to 23 inches. (Bt1, Bt2, and part of Bt3 horizons)
Series control section - The zone from 0 to 47 inches.
Taxonomic version: Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006.