LOCATION WAURIKA OK+KS TX

Established Series
Rev. RDG:CS:JLD
02/2016

WAURIKA SERIES

The Waurika series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in material weathered from old clayey alluvium or in residuum weathered from shale of Permian age, or a combination of these. These nearly level soils occur in slightly concave areas on paleoterraces in the Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A). Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 15.5 degrees c (60 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 914 mm (36 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Vertic Argialbolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Waurika silt loam - cultivated, at an elevation of 297 m (975 ft). (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A/Ep--0 to 11 cm (0 to 4 in); dark gray (10YR 4/1) crushed silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; (Ep part) gray 10YR 6/1 dry; weak thin platy structure; few medium and few fine roots throughout; many fine pores; 2 percent fine prominent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A/Ep horizon is 0 to 15 cm [0 to 6 in])

Ep--11 to 18 cm (4 to 7 in); dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam, gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate medium platy structure; few medium and few fine roots throughout; few medium and few fine pores; 3 percent medium distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 1 percent fine iron-manganese masses in matrix; 1 percent medium manganese coatings in matrix; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Thickness of the Ep horizon is 3 to 25 cm [1 to 10 in])

Btss1--18 to 53 cm (7 to 21 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay; moderate strong prismatic structure parting to strong fine angular blocky; very few very fine roots throughout, and few fine roots between peds; few fine pores; 5 percent distinct silt coatings on vertical faces of peds; 35 percent distinct slickensides; 95 percent prominent clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent fine distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; neutral; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Btss2--53 to 78 cm (21 to 31 in); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay; strong medium prismatic structure parting to strong fine angular blocky; few very fine and common fine roots in cracks; 15 percent distinct silt coatings on vertical faces of peds; 20 percent distinct slickensides; 80 percent prominent clay films on all faces of peds; 3 percent fine distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 1 percent well-rounded quartzite fragments, 2 to 20 mm in size; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btss horizon is 25 to 66 cm [10 to 26 in])

Btkss1--78 to 111 cm (31 to 44 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very few very fine roots throughout; few fine pores; 1 percent distinct silt coatings on vertical faces of peds; 5 percent distinct slickensides; 40 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent fine faint brown (7.5YR 5/3) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 10 percent coarse distinct carbonate masses in matrix; 5 percent medium distinct carbonate nodules in matrix; strong effervescent; moderately alkaline; diffuse wavy boundary.

Btkss2--111 to 143 cm (31 to 56 in); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; few fine pores; 5 percent slickensides; 5 percent distinct organic stains on surfaces along root channels; 20 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 5 percent fine manganese coatings; 15 percent medium prominent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 5 percent medium distinct pinkish gray (5YR 6/2) iron depletions with clear boundaries in matrix; 4 percent fine distinct carbonate, finely disseminated in matrix; strong effervescent; moderately alkaline; diffuse wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btkss horizon is 38 to 76 cm [15 to 30 in])

Btssg--143 to 220 centimeters (56 to 87 in); dark gray (7.5YR 4/1) silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; few fine pores; 5 percent slickensides; 10 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 10 percent distinct organic stains on surfaces along root channels; 10 percent fine manganese coatings in matrix; 20 percent medium prominent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 15 percent medium distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions with clear boundaries in matrix; 1 percent well-rounded quartzite fragments, 2 to 20 mm in size; noneffervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Kay County, Oklahoma; about 7 miles west and 1.5 miles south of Ponca City; 2320 feet south and 135 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 5, T. 25 S., R. 1 E.

USGS topographic quadrangle: Ponca City NW, OK
Latitude: 36 degrees, 40 minutes, 28.48 seconds N
Longitude: 97 degrees, 12 minutes, 39.58 seconds W
Datum:

Decimal Degrees:
Latitude: 36.6745796
Longitude: -97.2109909

UTM Easting: 659862 m
UTM Northing: 4060264 m
UTM Zone: 14

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to secondary carbonates: 70 to 150 cm (28 to 59 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 3 to 25 cm (1 to 10 in)
Depth to abrupt textural change: 3 to 25 cm (1 to 10 in)
Depth to bedrock: greater than 152 cm (60 in)
Rock fragments: few quartzite gravel in lower Btss horizon
Depth to seasonal high, perched water table: within 31 to 61 cm (1 to 2 ft) of the soil surface during the months of November to May, in most years

A, Ap or Ap/E horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 or 5 moist, 1 to 3 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2 moist or dry
Texture: silt loam or loam
Clay content: 15 to 25 percent
Sand content: 5 to 15 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-few; size-fine; contrast-prominent; color-reddish brown; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm):0 to 2
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid

E or E/Ap horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 2 to 4 moist, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2, moist or dry
Texture: silt loam or loam
Clay content: 15 to 25 percent
Sand content: 5 to 15 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-; common; size-medium; contrast-distinct; colors-reddish brown; kind-oxidized masses; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Redox depletions: amount-few; size- fine; contrast-distinct; kind-ferromanganese masses; color-black; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Manganese coatings: few medium coatings in matrix
Reaction: strongly acid

Btss horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 moist, 4 or 5, dry
Chroma: 1 or 2 moist or dry
Texture: silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 35 to 55 percent
Sand content: 3 to 20 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-common; size-fine; contrast-; color-reddish brown; kind-oxidized masses; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Rock fragments: few well-rounded, quartzite; in lower part
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 7
Sodium adsorption ratio: 4 to 10
Effervescence: none
Reaction: neutral to strongly alkaline

Btkss horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay or clay
Clay content: 35 to 55 percent
Sand content: 3 to 20 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-few; size-fine; contrast-distinct; color-reddish brown; kind-oxidized masses; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-common; size-medium or coarse; kind-carbonate masses or nodules; location-in matrix
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 1 m
Sodium adsorption ratio: 0 to 6
Effervescence: slight
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Btkssg horizon (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Sand content: 10 to 20 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-common; size-medium; contrast-prominent; color-reddish brown; kind-oxidized masses; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Redox depletions: amount-common; size-medium; contrast-distinct; color-brownish gray; kind-iron depletions; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Identifiable secondary carbonate: common carbonate masses finely disseminated in matrix
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 1
Sodium adsorption ratio: 0 to 6
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline

Btssg horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 moist and 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Sand content: 10 to 20 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-common; size-medium; contrast-prominent; color-reddish brown; kind-oxidized masses; boundaries-clear; location-in
Redox depletions: amount-common; size-medium; contrast-distinct; color-brownish gray; kind-iron depletions; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Manganese coatings: common fine coatings in matrix
Rock fragments: few, well-rounded quartzite gravel
Identifiable secondary carbonate: common carbonate masses finely disseminated in matrix
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 1
Sodium adsorption ratio: 0 to 6
Effervescence: none
Reaction: strongly alkaline

C horizon (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR
Value: 4 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay loam
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Sand content: 10 to 25 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-common; size-medium; contrast-distinct; color-reddish brown; kind-oxidized masses; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Redox depletions: amount-common; size-medium; contrast-distinct; color-brownish gray; kind-iron depletions; boundaries-clear; location-in matrix
Reaction: moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other soils in the same family. Soils similar are the Seminole and Tabler soils, both of which are moderately well drained.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: old clayey alluvium or in residuum weathered from shale of Permian age, or a combination of these
Landscape: alluvial plains
Landform: slightly concave areas on paleoterraces
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 787 to 1041 mm (31 to 41 in)
Mean annual air temperature: 13.9 to 17.2 degrees C (57 to 63 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 181 to 240 days
Elevation: 270 to 350 m (885 to 1150 ft)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 44 to 64

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bethany, Foard, Kirkland, Renfrow, Seminole, and Tabler soils. All of the geographically associated soils do not have an albic horizon.
Bethany, Foard, Kirkland, and Tabler soils: occur on similar landforms.
Renfrow and Seminole soils: occur on more sloping convex areas of the landform.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: Somewhat poorly drained
Permeability: very slow
Runoff: low
Seasonal water table: This soil has a perched water table, for brief periods, within 31 to 61 cm (1 to 2 ft) of the soil surface during the months of November to May, in most years.

USE AND VEGETATION: The major use is crop production. Some areas are used for grazing and hayland. The native plant community is mid and short grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Oklahoma, Texas, and Kansas; LRR H; Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A). The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jefferson County, Oklahoma; 1961.

REMARKS:
In 10/2010, the type location was moved to an area more representative of the series. The previous type location was located in parent material that was weathered from sandstone, and occurred on low hills. Extensively revised as a result of SDJR Initiative, by JLD 02/2016.

Diagnostic horizons and features:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 78 cm (0 to 31 in) (Ap/E, Btss1, Btss2)
Note: This mollic epipedon has an albic horizon (E/Ap) that separates horizons which together, meet all the requirements of a mollic epipedon
Albic horizon: 11 to 18 cm (4 to 7 in)(E/Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon: 18 to 220 cm (7 to 87 in)
Abrupt textural change: 18 cm (7 in)(top of the Btss1 horizon)
Slickensides: 18 to 220 cm (7 to 87 in)(Btss, Btkss, and Btssg horizons)
Secondary carbonates: 78 to 143 cm (31 to 56 in)(Btkss1 and Btkss2 horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL Pedon ID: 09N0980 (User Pedon ID:S09OK071002). NSSL Lab Numbers: 11433-11441 (Sample No.: 59-OK-34-1). Soil Science Society Amer. Proc., Vol. 32, 1968: Morphology and Genesis of some grayish claypan soils in Oklahoma: 1. Morphology, Chemical, and Physical Measurements; by James R. Culver and Fenton Gray, 1968.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.