LOCATION WAWUKYATAAK             WA

Established Series
Rev. PNP/KDPL/SBC
09/2019

WAWUKYATAAK SERIES

Landscape--mountains
Landform--benches, plateaus, side slopes
Slope--0 to 35 percent
Parent material--volcanic ash over consolidated mudflow and ashflow deposits
Mean annual precipitation--about 1800 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 3 degrees C
Depth class--moderately deep to densic material
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--udic
Soil temperature regime--cryic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy, amorphic Typic Vitricryands

TYPICAL PEDON: Wawukyataak ashy sandy loam in an area of open forestland, on a 12-percent, southeast-facing slope at an elevation of 1725 m (All textures are apparent field textures.)

A--0 to 20 cm; ashy sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine roots; common fine irregular pores; moderately acid (pH 6.0), NaF pH 12.0; clear wavy boundary

Bw1--20 to 61 cm; ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; common fine roots; common fine irregular pores; 5 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 12.0; gradual wavy boundary

2Bw2--61 to 84 cm; very cobbly ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; common fine roots; common fine and medium tubular pores; 25 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; slightly acid (pH 6.5), NaF pH 11.5; gradual wavy boundary

2Cd--84 to 150 cm; dense ashflow material that breaks to very cobbly ashy sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; massive; very hard, very firm, slightly sticky and nonplastic; weakly smeary; common very fine and fine tubular pores; 25 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; slightly acid (pH 6.3), NaF pH 11.5

TYPE LOCATION: Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington, about 1.6 km southwest of Jennies Butte; about 565 m west and 350 m south of the northeast corner of section 4, T. 10 N., R. 12 E.; latitude 46.3851324, longitude -121.3191801, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from section, township, and range details)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 50 cm--about 4 to 7 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--about 9 to 11 degrees C
Depth to densic contact (dense mudflow and ashflow material)--50 to 100 cm
Thickness of non-skeletal volcanic ash mantle above discontinuity--50 to 65 cm

Particle-size control section
*Dominant material--volcanic ash
*Moist bulk density--0.75 to 0.90 g/cm3
*Glass content--5 to 30 percent
*Acid oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron--2 to 3 percent
*15-bar water retention--10 to 12 percent (air-dried samples)
*Rock fragment content--0 to 10 percent in upper part; 35 to 60 percent in lower part; 15 to 35 percent weighted average

A horizon
Value--4 or 5 dry
Chroma--2 or 3 moist, 2 to 4 dry
Thickness--15 to 23 cm

Bw horizon
Value--5 or 6 dry
Chroma--4 to 6 moist or dry
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Thickness--13 to 43 cm

2Bw horizon
Value--5 or 6 dry
Chroma--3 or 4 moist or dry
Texture--very cobbly ashy sandy loam, very gravelly ashy sandy loam
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Thickness--15 to 66 cm

2Cd horizon
Value--5 or 6 dry
Chroma--3 or 4 moist or dry
Texture (when crushed)--very cobbly ashy sandy loam, very gravelly ashy sandy loam

COMPETING SERIES:
Castlecrest--no lithic contact within a depth of more than 150 cm (very deep); ashy sand, ashy coarse sand, or ashy loamy sand in lower part of control section
Foggyflat--no densic horizon; 100 to 150 cm (deep) to a lithic contact (basalt)
Hutson, Taaax--no lithic contact within a depth of more than 150 cm (very deep)
Winegar--bulk density in particle-size control section more than 0.90 g/cm3

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--1550 to 1950 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation--1300 to 2300 mm
Mean annual air temperature--2 to 4 degrees C
Frost-free season--about 35 to 75 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Fiscus--on benches, plateaus, and side slopes; xeric; ashy over loamy; argillic horizon
Snowplow--on benches, plateaus, and side slopes; xeric; no lithic contact within a depth of more than 150 cm
Walupt--plateaus, ridges, and side slopes; ashy over loamy-skeletal; argillic horizon

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high above densic material, moderately low in densic material

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, wildlife habitat, watershed
Native vegetation--scattered mountain hemlock, Pacific silver fir, subalpine fir, and Engelmann spruce; understory of blue huckleberry, beargrass, and myrtle blueberry

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East slopes of the Cascade Mountains in south-central Washington; MLRA 6; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Yakama Nation, Yakima County, Washington; 2004

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Ochric epipedon
*Andic soil properties--zone from the surface to a depth of 150 cm
*Cambic horizon--20 to 84 cm
*Depth to densic contact--84 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from the surface to a depth of 84 cm

Wawukya taak translates to elk meadow in Yakama. The type location for this series is in the vicinity of a meadow used heavily by elk. This series originally was named the Johnsbutte series.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.