LOCATION WILSEY IAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Mollic Udifluvents
TYPICAL PEDON: Wilsey silt loam, on a 1 percent slope, on a flood plain, in a cultivated field, at an elevation of 348 meters (1,140 feet) above sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. [13 to 23 centimeters (5 to 9 inches) thick]
C1--18 to 43 centimeters (7 to 17 inches); about 90 percent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and about 10 percent brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; massive, with weak thin alluvial stratification; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
C2--43 to 86 centimeters (17 to 34 inches); about 90 percent brown (10YR 4/3) and about 10 percent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam; massive, with weak thin alluvial stratification; friable; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
C3--86 to 137 centimeters (34 to 54 inches); about 90 percent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and about 10 percent dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam; massive, with weak thin alluvial stratification; friable; few very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the C horizon is 89 to 191 centimeters (35 to 75 inches).]
2Ab1--137 to 160 centimeters (54 to 63 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine tubular pores; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
2Ab2--160 to 185 centimeters (63 to 73 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
2Ab3--185 to 203 centimeters (73 to 80 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: MLRA 107B-Iowa and Missouri Deep Loess Hills, Woodbury County, Iowa subset; about 1/2 mile west of Lawton; about 300 feet north and 1,140 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 32, T. 89 N., R. 45 W.; USGS Lawton quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 28 minutes 33.8 seconds N. and long. 96 degrees 11 minutes 21.6 seconds W., NAD 83
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to carbonates--0 to 25 centimeters (0 to 10 inches)
Depth to buried horizons--102 to more than 203 centimeters (40 to more than 80 inches)
Content of clay in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--18 to 35 percent
Content of sand in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--less than 15 percent fine sand and sand coarser than fine sand
Ap or A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--18 to 32 percent
Sand content--less than 15 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--0 to 30 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Moist bulk density--1.25 g/cc to 1.35 g/cc
C horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--2 to 4
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--18 to 35 percent
Sand content--less than 15 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--0 to 30 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Moist bulk density--1.25 g/cc to 1.35 g/cc
2Ab horizon:
Hue--10YR or is neutral
Value--2
Chroma--0 to 2
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--18 to 40 percent
Sand content--less than 15 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--neutral to moderately alkaline
Moist bulk density--1.35 g/cc to 1.40 g/cc
Thickness: 0 to 30 inches
2Bgb horizon (if it occurs):
Hue--10YR or is neutral
Value--3
Chroma--0 or 1
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--18 to 35 percent
Sand content--less than 15 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--0 to 20 percent
Reaction--neutral to moderately alkaline
Moist bulk density--1.35 g/cc to 1.40 g/cc
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--calcareous alluvium
Landform--flood plains and upland drainageways
Slopes--0 to 2 percent
Elevation--320 to 366 meters (1,050 to 1,200 feet) above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--8 to 11 degrees C (47 to 52 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--66 to 81 centimeters (26 to 32 inches)
Frost-free period--145 to 175 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Castana,
Kennebec,
Napier,
Rawles, and
Smithland soils.
Castana--are in the higher elevations on foot slopes adjacent to uplands, have a mollic epipedon 25 to 61 centimeters (10 to 24 inches) thick, and do not have buried horizons
Kennebec--are in the lower elevations, have a saturated zone between depths of 91 to 183 centimeters (3 to 6 feet) during March to June in most years, and do not have carbonates within a depth of 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Napier--are in the higher elevations on foot slopes adjacent to uplands, have a mollic epipedon 61 to 102 centimeters (24 to 40 inches) thick, do not have carbonates within a depth of 91 centimeters (36 inches), and do not have buried horizons
Rawles--are in landform positions similar to those of the Wilsey soils and have a saturated zone between depths of 61 to 122 centimeters (2 to 4 feet) during March to June in most years
Smithland--are in the lower elevations, have a saturated zone between depths of 30 to 91 centimeters (1 to 3 feet) during November to July in most years, and do not have carbonates within a depth of 152 centimeters (60 inches)
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class--well drained--a saturated zone does not occur within a depth of 183 centimeters (6 feet) in most years
Permeability--moderate
Surface runoff potential--very low or low
Flooding--occasional or rare flooding for brief or very brief periods during the months of February to November resulting from precipitation events and snowmelt
USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and legume hay. A few areas are in permanent pasture. The native vegetation is big bluestem, indiangrass, switchgrass, and other grasses of the tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
LRR M, MLRA 107; western Iowa, eastern Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota, and Missouri. This series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Woodbury County, Iowa, 2003
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 25 to 100 centimeters (10 to 40 inches) (C1, C2, and C3 horizons);
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 203 centimeters (0 to 80 inches) (Ap, C1, C2, C3, 2Ab1, 2Ab2, and 2Ab3 horizons).
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches) (Ap horizon);
buried layers with 3 to 4 percent organic matter--the zone from a depth of 137 to 203 centimeters (54 to 80 inches) (2Ab, 2Ab2, and 2Ab3 horizons);
udic moisture regime.
Cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomy version--second edition, 1999.
Refer to DMUid 277,243 in NASIS for property data.
This soil was formerly included in areas of McPaul soils.
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa pedons S99-IA193-006A, 00-IA-193-011A, 00-IA-193-006A, 98-IA-193-011A, and 99-IA-193-007A
Laboratory data--National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska pedon S98IA-047-007L (http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/).