LOCATION WINGINAW MTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, euic, frigid Terric Haplofibrists
TYPICAL PEDON: Winginaw mucky peat, marsh (colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted).
Oi1--0 to 8 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) and very dark brown (10YR 2/2) rubbed and pressed fibric material; about 80 percent fiber, about 70 percent rubbed; massive; nonsticky and nonplastic; 50 percent Lycopodium mosses and 45 percent herbaceous; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Oi2--8 to 20 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) rubbed mosses, dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) pressed; about 90 percent fiber, about 75 percent rubbed; massive; nonsticky and nonplastic; 90 percent herbaceous and 5 percent Lycopodium mosses; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
Oe--20 to 27 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) rubbed and pressed; about 45 percent fiber, about 20 percent rubbed; massive; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 30 percent mineral soil; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
2Ak--27 to 33 inches; black (5Y 2/1) clay loam; massive; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; about 10 percent fibers, less than 5 percent rubbed; few medium masses of lime; matrix is slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
2Bkg1--33 to 40 inches; mixed gray (5Y 5/1) and dark gray (5Y 4/1) gravelly clay loam; common prominent olive (5Y 5/4) and olive yellow (5Y 6/6) mottles; massive; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; 15 percent pebbles; lime is disseminated; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
2Bkg2--40 to 60 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) very gravelly loam; common distinct olive (5Y 5/4) and olive yellow (5Y 6/6) mottles; massive; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; 40 percent pebbles; lime is disseminated; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Teton County, Montana; 2,300 feet north and 800 feet east of the SW corner of sec. 18, T. 24 N., R. 7 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 41 to 45 degrees F.
Control section - 51 inches thick.
Depth to mineral horizon - 16 to 51 inches but is commonly 20 to 40 inches.
Depth to water table - surface to 12 inches.
Soil phases - peat or peaty muck.
Oi1 horizon - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Fiber content: 70 to 90 percent unrubbed, 65 to 85 percent rubbed
Mineral content: 0 to 15 percent
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 8.4
Oi2 horizon - Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR
Value: 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Fiber content: 75 to 95 percent unrubbed, 65 to 85 percent rubbed
Mineral content: 0 to 15 percent
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 8.4
Oe horizon - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Fiber content: 40 to 60 percent unrubbed, 20 to 40 percent rubbed
Mineral content: 15 to 40 percent
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 8.4
2Ak horizon - Hue: 5Y or 2.5Y
Value: 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 0, 1, or 2
Fiber content: 5 to 20 percent unrubbed, 0 to 10 percent rubbed
Texture: loam or clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent pebbles
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
2Bkg1 horizon - Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4, 5, or 6 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam or clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 30 percent--0 to 5 percent cobbles, 15 to 25 percent pebbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 20 to 35 percent
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
2Bkg2 horizon - Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4, 5, or 6 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam or clay loam
Clay content: 11 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 25 to 60 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles, 25 to 50 percent pebbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 30 percent
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Clunie (AK) series. The Clunie series has organic layers which are very strongly acid to slightly acid. The mineral soil consists of tidal sediments which are moderately acid to neutral. The MAST is less than 38 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Winginaw soils are in closed depressions on alluvial fans and stream terraces. Elevations are 4,000 to 5,000 feet. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. These soils formed in fibrous organic matter 16 to 51 inches thick over loamy calcareous alluvium. The climate is characterized by long, cold winters; cool, moist springs; and warm, dry summers. Mean annual precipitation is 14 to 19 inches. Mean annual temperature is 39 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free period is 85 to 110 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained; slow runoff; moderately rapid permeability to underlying mineral soil; mineral horizons have moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Winginaw soils are used mainly for wildlife; some areas are used for rangeland and hayland. Potential native vegetation is mainly of northern reedgrass, sedges, rushes, and mosses. There are also shrubs and small trees such as bog birch and willow.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Winginaw soils are of limited extent. They are in the central and western parts of Montana.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Choteau-Conrad Area, parts of Teton and Pondera Counties, Montana, 1991; proposed in Teton County, Montana, 1980.
REMARKS: Soil Interpretation Record: MT0461. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: a histic epipedon 27 inches thick, (Oi1, Oi2, and Oe horizons); a buried dark colored mineral surface layer 7 inches thick from 27 to 33 inches (2Ak horizon); a calcic horizon from 33 to 60 inches (Bkg1 and Bkg2 horizons); and a water table from 0 to 12 inches. The mineral part of the soil is calcareous. Winginaw soils have a frigid temperature regime and an aquic moisture regime.