LOCATION WOLLARD WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial, amorphic Alic Haplocryands
TYPICAL PEDON: Wollard gravelly silt loam - on a 54 percent south-facing slope under a conifer canopy. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. All textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi--4 inches to 0; undecomposed forest litter. (4 to 12 inches thick)
E--0 to 4 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) gravelly silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, plastic; common fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; 20 percent phyllite pebbles; NaF pH less than 9.2; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (2 to 4 inches thick)
Bs--4 to 11 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) gravelly silt loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic, and weakly smeary; common fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; 30 percent phyllite pebbles; NaF pH 11.0; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 7 inches thick)
BC--11 to 21 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) gravelly loam, pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common irregular pores; 30 percent phyllite pebbles; NaF pH 11.5; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 11 inches thick)
C--21 to 35 inches; pale olive (5Y 6/3) gravelly loam; white (5Y 8/2) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, sticky, slightly plastic; very few very fine roots; few very fine irregular pores; 30 percent phyllite pebbles; NaF pH 10.5; strongly acid (pH 5.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
2Cd--35 to 60 inches; pale olive (5Y 6/3); dense glacial till that breaks to gravelly loam, white (5Y 8/2) dry; massive; very hard, firm, sticky, slightly plastic; few very fine irregular pores; 30 percent phyllite pebbles; NaF pH 9.8; strongly acid (pH 5.4).
TYPE LOCATION: Skagit County, Washington; about 900 feet south and 780 feet east of the northwest corner, sec. 23, T. 36 N., R. 5 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 41 to 43 degrees F. Depth to the paralithic contact with dense glacial till is 20 to 40 inches. Coarse fragments in the particle-size control section range from 15 to 35 percent pebbles and channers by weighted average. Reaction is very strongly or strongly acid throughout.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 through 6 moist, 6 or 7 dry, and chroma of 1 or 2 moist and dry.
The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 through 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 4 through 6 moist and dry. It is gravelly loam or gravelly silt loam.
The C horizons has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 through 6 moist, 6 through 8 dry, and chroma of 2 through 4 moist and dry. The C horizon is gravelly loam or gravelly clay loam.
The 2Cd horizon is dense glacial till that breaks to gravelly loam or gravelly clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Barlow, Getchell, Naptowne, Oso, and Timberly series and the similar Diobsud series. Barlow, Naptowne, and Timberly soils are more than 40 inches deep. Getchell soils lack phyllite fragments and have rock fragments of mixed lithology in the control section. Diobsud soils have greater than 6 percent organic carbon in the upper 10 cm of the spodic horizon. Oso soils have a lithic contact at 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wollard soils are on glacially modified mountain sides and have slopes of 3 to 65 percent. Elevations range from 2,000 to 3,100 feet. These soils formed in colluvium and slopes alluvium from volcanic ash, glacial till dominated by phyllite and phyllite overlying glacial till dominated by phyllite. The average annual precipitation is 75 to 85 inches. The mean January temperature is 31 degrees F. and the mean July temperature is 58 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 39 to 41 degrees F. The frost-free season is 90 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Crinker, Elwell, Rinker, Springsteen, and the competing Diobsud and Getchell soils. Crinker, Rinker, and Springsteen soils have a lithic contact to a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Elwell soils are frigid.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; slow to medium runoff; moderate permeability in the surface and subsoil to the dense glacial till and very slow through it. A perched water table is as high as 2 to 3 feet at times from December through April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for woodland and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation is western hemlock, Pacific silver fir, and western redcedar with an understory of bunchberry dogwood, deer fern, tall blue huckleberry, Pacific trillium, trailing blackberry and salmonberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West slopes of the Cascade Mountains in Northwestern Washington. This series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Skagit County, Washington, 1981.
REMARKS: Classification only changed 4/94 because of recent amendments to Soil Taxonomy. This draft reflects a change in classification from fine-loamy, mixed Typic Cryorthods to medial Alic Haplocryods. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are an albic horizon from the mineral surface to 4 inches, a cambic horizon from 4 to 11 inches, andic soil properties from 0 to 35 inches, and a paralithic contact with dense glacial till at 35 inches.
Fails criteria for a spodic horizon because of hue.